Chapter 10, Problem 10.104QP

The ionic character of the bond in a diatomic molecule can be estimated by the formula

$\frac{\mu }{ed}\times 100\%$

where μ is the experimentally measured dipole moment (in C m), e the electronic charge, and d the bond length in meters. (The quantity ed is the hypothetical dipole moment for the case in which the transfer of an electron from the less electronegative to the more electronegative atom is complete.) Given that the dipole moment and bond length of HF are 1.92 D and 91.7 pm, respectively, calculate the percent ionic character of the molecule.