EP ESSENTIAL ORG.CHEM.-MOD.MASTERING
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780133858501
Author: Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON CO
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 52P
- a. Which of the indicated bonds in each compound is shorter?
- b. Indicate the hybridization of the C, O, N, and halogen atoms in each of the compounds.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
1.
a) Draw the dominant Lewis structure for the allene molecule (1,2-propyl diene, CH2CCH2 ) and use VSEPR theory to determine the molecule's geometry. In specifying the geometry give all bond angles and specify which nuclei lie in the same plane.
b) Propose a hybridization and bonding scheme for the atoms in allene. That is, specify how each of the atoms is hybridized, which atomic orbitals overlap to form bonding molecular orbitals, and the nature (i.e., sigma", pi, etc.) of these molecular orbitals.
c) Draw a plausible valence molecular orbital level diagram for allene (include only bonding MOs) based on the results from (b).
d) Based on the work from (c) deduce the valence electronic configuration of the ground state of allene.
e) Is the molecule planar or nonplanar? Explain your answer
Answer subparts c, d, and e
1.
a) Draw the dominant Lewis structure for the allene molecule (1,2-propyl diene, CH2CCH2 ) and use VSEPR theory to determine the molecule's geometry. In specifying the geometry give all bond angles and specify which nuclei lie in the same plane.
b) Propose a hybridization and bonding scheme for the atoms in allene. That is, specify how each of the atoms is hybridized, which atomic orbitals overlap to form bonding molecular orbitals, and the nature (i.e., 0", 7f, etc.) of these molecular orbitals.
c) Draw a plausible valence molecular orbital level diagram for allene (include only bonding MOs) based on the results from (b).
d) Based on the work from (c) deduce the valence electronic configuration of the ground state of allene.
e) Is the molecule planar or nonplanar? Explain your answer
Harry creates a compound that contains only 1 pi (π) bond in total. The central atom has 4s2, 3d10, and 4p5. There are only 3 surrounding atoms with the electron configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p5. What is the formula and VSEPR shape for this compound? Explain how this is possible with respect to hybridized orbitals and how electrons are moved around to create this compound.
Chapter 1 Solutions
EP ESSENTIAL ORG.CHEM.-MOD.MASTERING
Ch. 1.1 - Oxygen has three isotopes, 16O, 17O, and 18O. The...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 2PCh. 1.2 - How many valence electrons do chlorine, bromine,...Ch. 1.2 - Look at the relative positions of each pair of...Ch. 1.3 - a. Find potassium (K) in the periodic table and...Ch. 1.3 - Which bond is more polar?Ch. 1.3 - Which of the following has a. the most polar bond?...Ch. 1.3 - Use the symbols + and to show the direction of...Ch. 1.3 - After examining the potential maps for LiH, HF,...Ch. 1.4 - An atom with a formal charge does not necessarily...
Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 12PCh. 1.4 - a. Draw two Lewis structures for C2H6O. b. Draw...Ch. 1.4 - Draw the lone-pair electrons that are not shown in...Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 16PCh. 1.4 - Which of the atoms in the molecular models in...Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 18PCh. 1.7 - What orbitals are used to form the 10 sigma bonds...Ch. 1.9 - Put a number in each of the blanks: a. ___ s...Ch. 1.11 - Predict the approximate bond angles in a. the...Ch. 1.11 - According to the potential map for the ammonium...Ch. 1.12 - Prob. 25PCh. 1.13 - a. Predict the relative lengths and strengths of...Ch. 1.13 - Prob. 28PCh. 1.14 - Which of the bonds in a carbonoxygen double bond...Ch. 1.14 - Caffeine is a natural insecticide, found in the...Ch. 1.14 - a. What is the hybridization of each of the carbon...Ch. 1.14 - Prob. 33PCh. 1.14 - Describe the orbitals used in bonding and the bond...Ch. 1.15 - Account for the difference in the shape and color...Ch. 1.15 - Which of the following molecules would you expect...Ch. 1 - Draw a Lewis structure for each of the following...Ch. 1 - Prob. 38PCh. 1 - What is the hybridization of all the atoms (other...Ch. 1 - Prob. 40PCh. 1 - Draw the condensed structure of a compound that...Ch. 1 - Prob. 42PCh. 1 - Prob. 43PCh. 1 - Draw a Lewis structure for each of the following...Ch. 1 - Prob. 45PCh. 1 - List the bonds in order from most polar to least...Ch. 1 - What is the hybridization of the indicated atom in...Ch. 1 - Write the Kekul structure for each of the...Ch. 1 - Assign the missing formal charges.Ch. 1 - Predict the approximate bond angles for the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 51PCh. 1 - a. Which of the indicated bonds in each compound...Ch. 1 - In which orbitals are the lone pairs in nicotine?...Ch. 1 - Draw the missing lone-pair electrons and assign...Ch. 1 - Rank the following compounds from highest dipole...Ch. 1 - Prob. 56PCh. 1 - a. Which of the species have bond angles of 109.5?...Ch. 1 - Prob. 58PCh. 1 - Sodium methoxide (CH3ONa) has both ionic and...Ch. 1 - a. Why is a H 8 H bond (0.74 ) shorter than a C 8...Ch. 1 - Which compound has a larger dipole moment, CHCl3...Ch. 1 - Which compound has a longer C 8 Cl bond?Ch. 1 - Prob. 63PCh. 1 - The following compound has two isomers. One isomer...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Write a Lewis formula for each of the following organic molecules: C2H3Cl (vinyl chloride: starting material fo...
Organic Chemistry - Standalone book
4.1 Write the symbols for the following elements.
a. copper
b. platinum
c. calcium
d. manganese
e. Iron
...
Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (13th Edition)
Q1. What is the empirical formula of a compound with the molecular formula
Chemistry: A Molecular Approach (4th Edition)
Practice Problem 1.22 Which of the following alkenes can exist as cis-trans isomers? Write their structures. Bu...
Organic Chemistry
Q2. Which statement best defines chemistry?
a. The science that studies solvents, drugs, and insecticides
b. Th...
Introductory Chemistry (6th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Strike-anywhere matches contain a layer of KClO3 and a layer of P4S3. The heat produced by the friction of striking the match causes these two compounds to react vigorously, which sets fire to the wooden stem of the match. KCIO3 contains the ClO3 ion. P4S3 is an unusual molecule with the skeletal structure. (a) Write Lewis structures for P4S3 and the ClO3 ion. (b) Describe the geometry about the P atoms, the S atom, and the Cl atom in these species. (c) Assign a hybridization to the P atoms, the S atom, and the Cl atom in these species. (d) Determine the oxidation states and formal charge of the atoms in P4S3 and the ClO3 ion.arrow_forwardWhen two carbons having different hybridization are bonded together, the C–C bond contains a slight dipole. In a Csp2–Csp3 bond, what is the direction of the dipole? Which carbon is considered more electronegative?arrow_forwardThe Lewis structure of an organic compound is shown below. Determine the orbitals used in bonding, as well as the number of sigma and pi bonds. 1サー= 10 H. N: H. 11 Total sigma bonds: [Select] Total pi bonds: [Select ] Write "none" if no orbital of that type is used to bond. Unhybridized orbital used to Hybridized orbital used to Atom bond bond [ Select ] [ Select ] [ Select] [ Select ] C # 2 [ Select ] [ Select ] [ Select ] [ Select]arrow_forward
- Draw the geometric structures of all the molecules. Write all bond angles and write the kind of geometry observed (linear/trigonal planar/tetrahedral) CH₃CH₃ = CH₃COH = CH₃OH = CH₂CH₂ =arrow_forward• Consider the molecule shown below and answers the following questions. : Number of ơ bonds formed by overlap of sp² and sp3 orbitals Number of r bonds formed by overlap of sp and sp orbitals Number of o bonds formed by overlap of sp² and sp orbitals СНО Number of o bonds formed by overlap of s and sp³ orbitals Number of o bonds formed by overlap of sp3 and sp3 orbitals Number of a bonds formed by overlap of sp² and sp2 orbitals Number of o bonds formed by overlap of sp² and sp2 orbitals NEC- NH Total number of ơ bonds : Total number of a bonds 1: Total number of non-bonding electrons in this moleculearrow_forwardA. The overlap of atomic orbitals leads to the formation of bonds. Explain what kind and how many orbitals are used to build the hybrid orbitals of a carbon atom in ethylene to give rise to the three sigma bonds. Also, what happens to the orbital(s) not used in the hybridization process? B. What is the relative energy of the hybrid orbitals used by carbon of ethylene in bonding with respect to the original atomic orbitals of carbon in a ground state?arrow_forward
- For the following descriptions of molecules, draw the Lewis structure (showing all atoms, lone pairs, formal charges) of the molecule and show all bond angles (assuming ideal VSEPR angles). An organic compound with the molecular formula H3CNO2. C is sp2 hybridized, N is sp3 hybridized, one O is sp² hybridized, while the second O is sp3 hybridized. An organic compound with the molecular formula H2CNO*. Both C and O are sp hybridized while N is sp³ hybridized.arrow_forwardFind the hybrid orbital type for each atom, the carbon-carbon-oxygen bond angle, the molecular geometry of oxygen, and the number of sigma and pi bonds in the molecule.arrow_forward9) HCCCO₂H, is an organic hydrocarbon. a) Draw a geometrically accurate structure so that the formal charge of each atom is zero identifying the bond angles (Draw it BIG!). b) Identify the hybridization about each atom (not H) forming a bond c) How many o or π bonds are there in this molecule d) The combustion of the hydrocarbon produces carbon dioxide and water in the gaseous state. Use average bond enthalpies to determine enthalpy of reactionarrow_forward
- 4. Describe the hybridization of each carbon atom in the following structure.arrow_forwardIon E Lewis structure Hybridization [H;O]* Number of valence Number of o and n electrons bonds O: Number of bonded atoms Molecular shape on central atom Number of lone pairs on central atom Bonded-atom lone- Polarity pair arrangement Central atom Bond angles Bond order steric number O-H: Molecule F Lewis structure Hybridization BRNS Number of valence Number of o and n electrons bonds 0: Number of bonded atoms Molecular shape on central atom Bonded-atom lone- Number of lone pairs on central atom Polarity pair arrangement Central atom Bond angles Bond order steric number N-Br: N-S:arrow_forwardBuild a model of methane – - What are the approximate bond lengths and bond angles in methane?- What is the name given to the shape of methane?- Explain what is meant by the term ‘sp3 hybridisation’.- Use wedge and dash bonds to draw the shape of the model you have made.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStax
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
Chemistry
ISBN:9780534420123
Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
Chemistry
ISBN:9781938168390
Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark Blaser
Publisher:OpenStax
Types of bonds; Author: Edspira;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jj0V01Arebk;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY