Concept explainers
Critical Thinking:
Do Male Symphony Conductors Really Live Longer?
Several media reports made the interesting observation that male symphony conductors live longer than other males.
John Amaral wrote in Awaken that orchestra conductors “live longer than almost any other group of people by three to seven years.” Robert Levine wrote in Polyphonic.org that they live longer “because they stand up while working.” Some provided other explanations for this phenomenon, often referring to cardiovascular activity. But do male symphony conductors really live longer than other groups of males? The Internet can be researched for possible answers. Let’s also consider the following.
4. Explain in detail how to design a study for collecting data to determine whether it is misleading to state that male symphony conductors live longer. Should the study be an experiment or an observational study?
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Essentials of Statistics (6th Edition)
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