Production and Operations Analysis, Seventh Edition
Production and Operations Analysis, Seventh Edition
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781478623069
Author: Steven Nahmias, Tava Lennon Olsen
Publisher: Waveland Press, Inc.
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Chapter 1, Problem 47AP
Summary Introduction

To determine: The optimal number of years required between new serial plant openings.

Introduction: From the past experiences, a steel manufacturer can evaluate the present and the future circumstances of the firm. It can also predict the optimal timing of opening new plants.

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Company DEF has a choice of two machines to purchase. They both make the same product which sells for P10. Machine A has FC of P5,000 and a per unit cost of P5. Machine B has FC of P15,000 and a per unit cost of P1. Under what conditions would you select Machine A?
You have been hired by Kia as manager for its Pakistan operations.  Assume following is the short-run production function at their assembly plant outside Karachi:             Q = 10L2 – 0.5 L3      where L is variable input labor, Q is output of Cars assembled a. At the end of the year it is expected that output will double with purchase ofnew equipment and machinery. The production function is estimated to be                           Q = 60L.30K.70    where L is labor and K is capital.  Suppose initial L1 = 1 and K1 = 1. When inputs are in increased to L2 = 2 and K2 = 2, do you observe increasing, decreasing or constant returns to scale?  b. Assume Kia Head Office is considering hiring more laborers either at their Gwadar plant or alternatively at the Karachi plant. What will be your advice if workers’ marginal product is 40 at wage of Rs=5/hour in Karachi and marginal product is 28 at wage of Rs=4/hour in Gawdar?
Develop a production plan and calculate the annual cost for a firm whose demand forecast is fall, 10,900; winter, 8,400; spring, 7,100; summer, 12,900. Inventory at the beginning of fall is 545 units. At the beginning of fall, you have 30 workers, but you plan to hire temporary workers at the beginning of summer and lay them off at the end of summer. In addition, you have negotiated with the union an option to use the regular workforce on overtime during winter or spring if overtime is necessary to prevent backorders at the end of those quarters. Overtime is not available during the fall. Relevant costs are hiring, $800 for each temp; layoff, $1,600 for each worker laid off; inventory holding, $5 per unit-quarter; backorder, $10 per unit; straight time, $25 per hour; overtime, $35 per hour. Assume that the productivity is 0.5 unit per worker hour, with eight hours per day and 60 days per season. In each quarter, produce to the full output of your regular workforce, even if that results…
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