Pearson eText Microbiology: An Introduction -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780135789377
Author: Gerard Tortora, Berdell Funke
Publisher: PEARSON+
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Chapter 1, Problem 2R
Briefly state the role microorganisms play in each of the following:
- a. biological control of pests
- b. recycling of elements
- c. normal microbiota
- d. sewage treatment
- e. human insulin production
- f. vaccine production
- g. biofilms
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Briefly state the role microorganisms play in each of the following:
▪ normal microbiota
▪ biological control of pests
▪ sewage treatment
▪ vaccine production
▪ human insulin production
The following are the limitations of Koch's postulates EXCEPT:
A. some pathogens cannot grow on artificial media and therefore cannot be identified as the causative agent
of the disease
B. some diseases involve multiple pathogens which produce similar symptoms making it difficult to pinpoint
the causative agent
C. some diseases are host-specific and re-inoculation may pose ethical concerns
D. some microorganisms are present in the body fluids of the infected animal which make them difficult to be
cultured
Which of the following is not true?
a.
Cockroaches can transport a variety of parasites, usually on their external surface. This is an example of mechanical transmission by a vector
b.
A contamination will inevitably lead to an infection
c.
Case fatality rate is one of the indicators of virulence of an infectious agent
d.
None of the pandemics prior to COVID-19 were caused by a coronavirus
Chapter 1 Solutions
Pearson eText Microbiology: An Introduction -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 1 - Review 1. How did the idea of spontaneous...Ch. 1 - Briefly state the role microorganisms play in each...Ch. 1 - Into which field of microbiology would the...Ch. 1 - Match the microorganisms in column A to their...Ch. 1 - Match the people in column A to their contribution...Ch. 1 - It is possible to purchase the following...Ch. 1 - NAME IT What type of microorganism has a...Ch. 1 - DRAW IT Show where airborne microbes ended up in...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 1 - Which of the following is not a characteristic of...
Ch. 1 - Which of the following is the most important...Ch. 1 - Recombinant DNA is a. DNA in bacteria. b. the...Ch. 1 - Which of the following statements is the best...Ch. 1 - Which of the following is a beneficial activity of...Ch. 1 - It has been said that bacteria are essential for...Ch. 1 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 1 - Spallanzanis conclusion about spontaneous...Ch. 1 - Which of the following statements about E. coli is...Ch. 1 - How did the theory of biogenesis lead the way for...Ch. 1 - Even though the germ theory of disease was not...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3ACh. 1 - Find at least three supermarket products made by...Ch. 1 - People once believed all microbial diseases would...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1CAECh. 1 - In 1864, Lister observed that patients recovered...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3CAE
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- H1N1 is a component of:a. Infectious Microbe b. Reservoir c. Portal of Exit d. Portal of Entry e. Mode of Transmissionf. Susceptible Hostarrow_forwardWhich of the following pairs id mismatched? A. Virologist – studies human immunodeficiency virus B. Microbial ecologist – studies bacteria that degrade oil C. Microbial physiologist – studies fermentation of sourdough bread D. Immunologist – studies ecology of Legionella pneumophilia Which of the following pairs is mismatched? A. Chemotheraphy – treatment of disease B. Pathogen – disease causing C. Vaccine - preparation of microorganisms D. Normal microbiota – harmfularrow_forwardThe epidemiological or disease triangle is a model of disease causation that proposes three factors contribute to an outbreak – an agent that causes the disease, a susceptible host, and an environment that brings the host and agent together. Some general changes within these three factors that may cause an infectious disease to emerge include: A. changes in populations or behavior of reservoir hosts or intermediate hosts B. microbial genetic mutation and viral genetic recombination or assortment C. environmental factors such as an increase in precipitation D. all of the above E. none of the abovearrow_forward
- A compound synthesized by bacteria or fungi that destroys or inhibitsthe growth of other microbes is a(n)a. synthetic drug b. antibiotic c. antimicrobial drug d. competitive inhibitorarrow_forwardWhich of the following describes "incubation period"? a. It is the time interval between entry of an infectious agent into the body and the appearence of the first symptoms and/or signs of the disease b. It is the time after recovery when a person can still harbor the infection c. It is the time interval through which an infected person is able to transmit the infectious agent to others d. It is the time interval between the onset of primary and secondary casesarrow_forwardPathogenic microbes that cause disease in health care settings fall under which category of organisms? O 1) Normal flora O 2) True pathogens O 3) opportunists 3) O 4) Nosocomialarrow_forward
- Which of the following is NOT true about Koch's postulates? First developed by Robert Koch, the pioneering German microbiologist In the first step, the microbe that causes a naturally occurring disease is cultured from a "wild" (non-laboratory) animal which has that disease None of the other four answers (All are true about Koch's Postulates) They represent a process for showing a causal association between a specific microbe and a disease If the same microbe from a diseased "wild" (non-laboratory) host causes the same disease in a lab animal and it can be cultured from that lab animal, this proves that the microbe is the cause of the naturally occurring diseasearrow_forwardWhich of the following is a noncommunicable infectious disease? O a. infection acquired from the stick of a contaminated needle O b. skin infection acquired from a dog bite O. infection with a respiratory virus O d. food poisoning due to a preformed bacterial toxin in foodarrow_forwardWhat is the specific mode of action and the target organisms of each of the three antibiotics used in the exercise (isolation of E. coli bacteriophage)?a. Ampicillin:b. Polymyxin:c. Streptomycin:arrow_forward
- Which of the following is a criteria used to evaluate an antibiotic? Which of the following is a characteristic or criterion used to evaluate an antibiotic? The answer can be one or more) Select one or more: O a. should not interfere with host defense mechanisms O b. should not kill normal host flora O c. must remain active even in the presence of organic matter O d. show selective toxicityarrow_forwardSelect all of the following that applies to the tradeoff between transmission and virulence that applies to many diseases. a) The tradeoff between transmission and virulence means that diseases always evolve to become more virulent. b) If greater virulence limits transmission, that disease will likely evolve to become less virulent than it could be. c) While making more copies of itself can increase the likelihood of transmission occurring, too much replication of the disease can make the host so sick it won't leave the house and spread the disease. d) A strain of a disease that replicates enough to be transmitted, but not so much that the host gets too sick to move, will be favored by natural selection over strains that either make the host too sick or do not replicate enough to be transmitted. e) If a disease can spread without making its host sick (e.g. when the host is asymptomatic), then the tradeoff between transmission and virulence…arrow_forwardBecause of overuse of antibiotics and/or weakened governmental surveillance of infectious disease, several diseasesthat had been thought to be no longer a threat to humanhealth (e.g., pneumonia and tuberculosis) are rapidly becoming unmanageable. In several instances, so-called superbugs(microorganisms that are resistant to almost all known antibiotics) have been detected. How did this circumstancearise? What will happen if this process continues?arrow_forward
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