The given observation should be reported either as qualitative or quantitative. Concept introduction: Qualitative: The quality of something rather than its quantity. A property that can be observed but not measured numerically. Quantitative: A property that can be measured numerically and to determine the amount or proportions of its chemical constituents.

Question

There is an instrument in Johnson 334 that measures total-reflectance x-ray fluorescence (TXRF) to do elemental analysis (i.e., determine what elements are present in a sample). A researcher is preparing a to measure calcium content in a series of well water samples by TXRF with an internal standard of vanadium (atomic symbol: V). She has prepared a series of standard solutions to ensure a linear instrument response over the expected Ca concentration range of 40-80 ppm. The concentrations of Ca and V (ppm) and the instrument response (peak area, arbitrary units) are shown below. Also included is a sample spectrum. Equation 1 describes the response factor, K, relating the analyte signal (SA) and the standard signal (SIS) to their respective concentrations (CA and CIS). Ca, ppm V, ppm SCa, arb. units SV, arb. units 20.0 10.0 14375.11 14261.02 40.0 10.0 36182.15 17997.10 60.0 10.0 39275.74 12988.01 80.0 10.0 57530.75 14268.54 100.0…

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 25GQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given observation should be reported either as qualitative or quantitative.

Concept introduction:

Qualitative: The quality of something rather than its quantity. A property that can be observed but not measured numerically.

Quantitative: A property that can be measured numerically and to determine the amount or proportions of its chemical constituents.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given observation should be reported either as intensive property or extensive property.

Concept introduction:

Intensive property: A physical property of a system that does not depend on the system size or amount of material in the system. Intensive properties can be used to identify the substance.

Extensive property: A physical property of a system that does depend on the system size or amount of material in the system.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The volume has to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Density:

Density can be defined as property that links mass of an object to its volume. It derived quantity and its unit is g ml-1 for liquids and g cm-3 for solid. The density of material can be calculated with the help of formula,

Density=Mass(g)Volume(ml or cm3)

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