Essential University Physics (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134202709
Author: Richard Wolfson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 1, Problem 24E
To determine
To express: the quantity of emission of carbon in atmosphere from exagram into tonnes.
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Carbon-14 is an isotope of carbon that is formed when radiation from the sun strikes
ordinary carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Plants such as trees, which get their carbon
dioxide from the atmosphere, therefore contain a small amount of carbon-14. Once a
particular part of a plant has been formed, no more new carbon 14 is taken in. The carbon
14 in that part of the plant decays slowly.
Let P be the percent of carbon-14 remaining in a part of a tree that grew t years ago (so t
years ago, there was 100 percent of the carbon-14 existing in that part of the tree).
Write the particular equation expressing P in terms of t. You may assume that the half-life
of carbon-14 is 5730 years.
a.)
A piece of wood some believe to have come from Noah's Ark has 47.93% of its carbon-14
remaining. The Great Flood was supposed to have occurred in 4004 B.C. Is this piece of
wood old enough to have come from Noah's Ark? Justify your answer.
b.)
Suppose you are working as a reactor operator in the world’s largest nuclear power station at Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant, Japan. The first unit in this station began to operate in 1985.
Suppose the rate at which the nuclear power plant produces radioactive waste is proportional to the number of years it has been operating such that 500 pounds of waste is produced every year. Also, suppose that the waste decays exponentially at a rate of 5% per year.
At the beginning of 2011, The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster caused sever damages in the units which released the radiation waste to the atmosphere. Therefore, all the units were closed in 2011 for safety inspection. This left japan completely without nuclear-produced electrical power. Finally, the unit began to operate at the beginning of 2019. As a reactor operator, you are asked to do the following:
a. Model the generation of the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant radioactive waste as a function of time.
b.…
The water is safe to drink if the number of cells falls below 10 cells/mL. It is 8 a.m. and you have 100,000 cells/mL with D being 15 minutes. You add the bleach to the tank. At what time can you release the water?
Log Nt = Log N0 – t/D. D is the time required for a log kill.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Essential University Physics (3rd Edition)
Ch. 1.2 - A Canadian speed limit of 50 km/h is closest to...Ch. 1.3 - Rank the numbers according to (1) their size and...Ch. 1 - Explain why measurement standards based on...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2FTDCh. 1 - Why doesnt Earths rotation provide a suitable time...Ch. 1 - To raise a power of 10 to another power, you...Ch. 1 - What facts might a scientist use in estimating...Ch. 1 - How would you determine the length of a curved...Ch. 1 - Write 1/x as x to some power.Ch. 1 - Emissions of carbon dioxide from fossil-fuel...
Ch. 1 - In Chapter 3, youll learn that the range of a...Ch. 1 - What is meant by an explicit-constant definition...Ch. 1 - Youre asked to make a rough estimate of the total...Ch. 1 - The power output of a typical large power plant is...Ch. 1 - The diameter of a hydrogen atom is about 0.1 nm,...Ch. 1 - Use the definition of the meter to determine how...Ch. 1 - In nanoseconds, how long is the period of the...Ch. 1 - Lake Baikal in Siberia holds the worlds largest...Ch. 1 - A hydrogen atom is about 0.1 nm in diameter. How...Ch. 1 - How long a piece of wire would you need to form a...Ch. 1 - Making a turn, a jetliner flies 2.1 km on a...Ch. 1 - A car is moving at 35.0 mi/h. Express its speed in...Ch. 1 - You have postage for a 1-oz letter but only a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 22ECh. 1 - How many cubic centimeters are in a cubic meter?Ch. 1 - Prob. 24ECh. 1 - Prob. 25ECh. 1 - Highways in Canada have speed limits of 100 km/h....Ch. 1 - One m/s is how many km/h?Ch. 1 - A 3.0-lb box of grass seed will seed 2100 ft2 of...Ch. 1 - A radian is how many degrees?Ch. 1 - Convert the following to SI units: (a) 55 mi/h:...Ch. 1 - The distance to the Andromeda galaxy, the nearest...Ch. 1 - Add 3.63105 m and 2.13103 km.Ch. 1 - Divide 4.23103 m/s by 0.57 ms, and express your...Ch. 1 - Add 5.131022 cm and 6.83103 mm. and multiply the...Ch. 1 - Find the cube root of 6.4 1019 without a...Ch. 1 - Add 1.46 m and 2.3 cm.Ch. 1 - Prob. 37ECh. 1 - Prob. 38ECh. 1 - To see why its important to carry more digits in...Ch. 1 - Youve been hired as an environmental watchdog for...Ch. 1 - The average dairy cow produces about 104 kg of...Ch. 1 - How many Earths would fit inside the Sun?Ch. 1 - The average American uses electrical energy at the...Ch. 1 - Youre writing a biography of the physicist Enrico...Ch. 1 - (a) Estimate the volume of water going over...Ch. 1 - Estimate the number of air molecules in your dorm...Ch. 1 - A human hair is about 100 m across. Estimate the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 48PCh. 1 - Bubble gums density is about 1 g/cm3. You blow an...Ch. 1 - The Moon barely covers the Sun during a solar...Ch. 1 - The semiconductor chip at the heart of a personal...Ch. 1 - Estimate the number of (a) atoms and (b) cells in...Ch. 1 - When we write the number 3.6 as typical of a...Ch. 1 - Continental drift occurs at about the rate your...Ch. 1 - Youre driving into Canada and trying to decide...Ch. 1 - In the 1908 London Olympics, the intended 26-mile...Ch. 1 - An environmental group is lobbying to shut down a...Ch. 1 - If youre working from the print version of this...Ch. 1 - Estimate the area of skin on your body.Ch. 1 - Estimate the mass of water in the worlds oceans,...Ch. 1 - Express the following with appropriate units and...Ch. 1 - Prob. 62PCh. 1 - Caf Milagro sells coffee online. A half-kilogram...Ch. 1 - The world consumes energy at the rate of about 500...Ch. 1 - The volume of a sphere is given by V=43r3, where r...Ch. 1 - The human body contains about 1014 cells, and the...Ch. 1 - The human body contains about 1014 cells, and the...Ch. 1 - The human body contains about 1014 cells, and the...Ch. 1 - The human body contains about 1014 cells, and the...
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