The reason that climate scientists never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds. Concept introduction: Bacteria are omnipresent. They are present in unimaginable environmental conditions. One such bacterium is Pseudomonas syringae which resides in clouds, inducing precipitation. These bacteria are found in the first stages of a hailstone, and they act as nucleating particles that aggregate water droplets. These aggregations of water droplets fall on earth as rain.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The reason that climate scientists never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds.

Concept introduction:

Bacteria are omnipresent. They are present in unimaginable environmental conditions. One such bacterium is Pseudomonas syringae which resides in clouds, inducing precipitation. These bacteria are found in the first stages of a hailstone, and they act as nucleating particles that aggregate water droplets. These aggregations of water droplets fall on earth as rain.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Climate scientists never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds because they might not have known that the microbes are too widely spread in the clouds in first place. While looking for nucleators in cloud samples, climate scientists must have used the filters that only trap fine dust particles, and not smaller particles, including microbial sized particles.

Conclusion

Climate scientists had never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds because they must have filtered only the fine dust particles, and not much smaller microbial sized particles while looking for nucleators.

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The ways in which P. syringae can make it rain in warm temperatures.

Concept introduction:

Pseudomonas syringae resides in clouds are found in the first stages of a hailstone, where they act as nucleating particles that aggregate water droplets contributing to potential rain. There are other nucleators of ice other than P. syringae, including fungi, algae, diatoms, and other bacteria. However, only P. syringae can cause precipitation at much warmer temperatures.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Pseudomonas syringae is the nucleator of ice but it can also carry out this process at a much warmer temperature to cause rain. It can do so as it contains a protein structure which serves as a site of attachment for freely moving water molecules. When the vapors of water get attached to these bacteria, along with other water molecules, it freezes and falls downwards to the Earth.

Conclusion

P. syringae can make it rain in warm temperatures as they contain a protein structure which serves as a site of attachment for freely moving water molecules where vapors get attached and freeze to fall on Earth as rain.

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Students have asked these similar questions

a. What percentage of a drug is eliminated after 4 half-lives? Please round to the nearest percent. b. What will happen to elimination of the drug in the previous question if the system is saturated? explain and show any math involved

If you wanted to reduce the difference between peak and trough levels that occur with repeated administration of a drug, how would you adjust the dose and dose interval without changing the plateau concentration (plateau is the average of peak and trough levels)? Select your answers for both dose and interval. Hint: It may be helpful to think about this problem using an example such as food. How would you eat if you wanted to maintain very steady hunger/satiety levels without changing your total caloric intake? Options: A. Dose; Increase dose B. Dose; Decrease dose C. Dose; Do not change dose D. Interval; Increase the interval between doses (give the drug less frequently) E. Interval; Decrease the interval between doses (give the drug more frequently) F. Interval; Do not change the interval

What percentage of a drug is eliminated after 4 half-lives? Please round to the nearest percent. Show the math

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The reason that climate scientists never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds.

Concept introduction:

Bacteria are omnipresent. They are present in unimaginable environmental conditions. One such bacterium is Pseudomonas syringae which resides in clouds, inducing precipitation. These bacteria are found in the first stages of a hailstone, and they act as nucleating particles that aggregate water droplets. These aggregations of water droplets fall on earth as rain.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Climate scientists never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds because they might not have known that the microbes are too widely spread in the clouds in first place. While looking for nucleators in cloud samples, climate scientists must have used the filters that only trap fine dust particles, and not smaller particles, including microbial sized particles.

Conclusion

Climate scientists had never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds because they must have filtered only the fine dust particles, and not much smaller microbial sized particles while looking for nucleators.

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The ways in which P. syringae can make it rain in warm temperatures.

Concept introduction:

Pseudomonas syringae resides in clouds are found in the first stages of a hailstone, where they act as nucleating particles that aggregate water droplets contributing to potential rain. There are other nucleators of ice other than P. syringae, including fungi, algae, diatoms, and other bacteria. However, only P. syringae can cause precipitation at much warmer temperatures.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Pseudomonas syringae is the nucleator of ice but it can also carry out this process at a much warmer temperature to cause rain. It can do so as it contains a protein structure which serves as a site of attachment for freely moving water molecules. When the vapors of water get attached to these bacteria, along with other water molecules, it freezes and falls downwards to the Earth.

Conclusion

P. syringae can make it rain in warm temperatures as they contain a protein structure which serves as a site of attachment for freely moving water molecules where vapors get attached and freeze to fall on Earth as rain.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The reason that climate scientists never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds.

Concept introduction:

Bacteria are omnipresent. They are present in unimaginable environmental conditions. One such bacterium is Pseudomonas syringae which resides in clouds, inducing precipitation. These bacteria are found in the first stages of a hailstone, and they act as nucleating particles that aggregate water droplets. These aggregations of water droplets fall on earth as rain.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Climate scientists never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds because they might not have known that the microbes are too widely spread in the clouds in first place. While looking for nucleators in cloud samples, climate scientists must have used the filters that only trap fine dust particles, and not smaller particles, including microbial sized particles.

Conclusion

Climate scientists had never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds because they must have filtered only the fine dust particles, and not much smaller microbial sized particles while looking for nucleators.

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The ways in which P. syringae can make it rain in warm temperatures.

Concept introduction:

Pseudomonas syringae resides in clouds are found in the first stages of a hailstone, where they act as nucleating particles that aggregate water droplets contributing to potential rain. There are other nucleators of ice other than P. syringae, including fungi, algae, diatoms, and other bacteria. However, only P. syringae can cause precipitation at much warmer temperatures.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Pseudomonas syringae is the nucleator of ice but it can also carry out this process at a much warmer temperature to cause rain. It can do so as it contains a protein structure which serves as a site of attachment for freely moving water molecules. When the vapors of water get attached to these bacteria, along with other water molecules, it freezes and falls downwards to the Earth.

Conclusion

P. syringae can make it rain in warm temperatures as they contain a protein structure which serves as a site of attachment for freely moving water molecules where vapors get attached and freeze to fall on Earth as rain.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The reason that climate scientists never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds.

Concept introduction:

Bacteria are omnipresent. They are present in unimaginable environmental conditions. One such bacterium is Pseudomonas syringae which resides in clouds, inducing precipitation. These bacteria are found in the first stages of a hailstone, and they act as nucleating particles that aggregate water droplets. These aggregations of water droplets fall on earth as rain.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Climate scientists never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds because they might not have known that the microbes are too widely spread in the clouds in first place. While looking for nucleators in cloud samples, climate scientists must have used the filters that only trap fine dust particles, and not smaller particles, including microbial sized particles.

Conclusion

Climate scientists had never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds because they must have filtered only the fine dust particles, and not much smaller microbial sized particles while looking for nucleators.

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The ways in which P. syringae can make it rain in warm temperatures.

Concept introduction:

Pseudomonas syringae resides in clouds are found in the first stages of a hailstone, where they act as nucleating particles that aggregate water droplets contributing to potential rain. There are other nucleators of ice other than P. syringae, including fungi, algae, diatoms, and other bacteria. However, only P. syringae can cause precipitation at much warmer temperatures.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Pseudomonas syringae is the nucleator of ice but it can also carry out this process at a much warmer temperature to cause rain. It can do so as it contains a protein structure which serves as a site of attachment for freely moving water molecules. When the vapors of water get attached to these bacteria, along with other water molecules, it freezes and falls downwards to the Earth.

Conclusion

P. syringae can make it rain in warm temperatures as they contain a protein structure which serves as a site of attachment for freely moving water molecules where vapors get attached and freeze to fall on Earth as rain.

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Answer 5

Chapter 1, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The reason that climate scientists never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds.

Concept introduction:

Bacteria are omnipresent. They are present in unimaginable environmental conditions. One such bacterium is Pseudomonas syringae which resides in clouds, inducing precipitation. These bacteria are found in the first stages of a hailstone, and they act as nucleating particles that aggregate water droplets. These aggregations of water droplets fall on earth as rain.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Climate scientists never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds because they might not have known that the microbes are too widely spread in the clouds in first place. While looking for nucleators in cloud samples, climate scientists must have used the filters that only trap fine dust particles, and not smaller particles, including microbial sized particles.

Conclusion

Climate scientists had never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds because they must have filtered only the fine dust particles, and not much smaller microbial sized particles while looking for nucleators.

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The ways in which P. syringae can make it rain in warm temperatures.

Concept introduction:

Pseudomonas syringae resides in clouds are found in the first stages of a hailstone, where they act as nucleating particles that aggregate water droplets contributing to potential rain. There are other nucleators of ice other than P. syringae, including fungi, algae, diatoms, and other bacteria. However, only P. syringae can cause precipitation at much warmer temperatures.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Pseudomonas syringae is the nucleator of ice but it can also carry out this process at a much warmer temperature to cause rain. It can do so as it contains a protein structure which serves as a site of attachment for freely moving water molecules. When the vapors of water get attached to these bacteria, along with other water molecules, it freezes and falls downwards to the Earth.

Conclusion

P. syringae can make it rain in warm temperatures as they contain a protein structure which serves as a site of attachment for freely moving water molecules where vapors get attached and freeze to fall on Earth as rain.

Answer 6

Chapter 1, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The reason that climate scientists never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds.

Concept introduction:

Bacteria are omnipresent. They are present in unimaginable environmental conditions. One such bacterium is Pseudomonas syringae which resides in clouds, inducing precipitation. These bacteria are found in the first stages of a hailstone, and they act as nucleating particles that aggregate water droplets. These aggregations of water droplets fall on earth as rain.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Climate scientists never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds because they might not have known that the microbes are too widely spread in the clouds in first place. While looking for nucleators in cloud samples, climate scientists must have used the filters that only trap fine dust particles, and not smaller particles, including microbial sized particles.

Conclusion

Climate scientists had never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds because they must have filtered only the fine dust particles, and not much smaller microbial sized particles while looking for nucleators.

Answer 7

Chapter 1, Problem 1CF

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The reason that climate scientists never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds.

Concept introduction:

Bacteria are omnipresent. They are present in unimaginable environmental conditions. One such bacterium is Pseudomonas syringae which resides in clouds, inducing precipitation. These bacteria are found in the first stages of a hailstone, and they act as nucleating particles that aggregate water droplets. These aggregations of water droplets fall on earth as rain.

Answer 8

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Climate scientists never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds because they might not have known that the microbes are too widely spread in the clouds in first place. While looking for nucleators in cloud samples, climate scientists must have used the filters that only trap fine dust particles, and not smaller particles, including microbial sized particles.

Answer 9

Expert Solution

Answer 10

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Conclusion

Climate scientists had never realized that microbes actually caused nucleation of water droplets in clouds because they must have filtered only the fine dust particles, and not much smaller microbial sized particles while looking for nucleators.

Answer 13

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The ways in which P. syringae can make it rain in warm temperatures.

Concept introduction:

Pseudomonas syringae resides in clouds are found in the first stages of a hailstone, where they act as nucleating particles that aggregate water droplets contributing to potential rain. There are other nucleators of ice other than P. syringae, including fungi, algae, diatoms, and other bacteria. However, only P. syringae can cause precipitation at much warmer temperatures.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Pseudomonas syringae is the nucleator of ice but it can also carry out this process at a much warmer temperature to cause rain. It can do so as it contains a protein structure which serves as a site of attachment for freely moving water molecules. When the vapors of water get attached to these bacteria, along with other water molecules, it freezes and falls downwards to the Earth.

Conclusion

P. syringae can make it rain in warm temperatures as they contain a protein structure which serves as a site of attachment for freely moving water molecules where vapors get attached and freeze to fall on Earth as rain.

Answer 14

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The ways in which P. syringae can make it rain in warm temperatures.

Concept introduction:

Pseudomonas syringae resides in clouds are found in the first stages of a hailstone, where they act as nucleating particles that aggregate water droplets contributing to potential rain. There are other nucleators of ice other than P. syringae, including fungi, algae, diatoms, and other bacteria. However, only P. syringae can cause precipitation at much warmer temperatures.

Answer 15

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Pseudomonas syringae is the nucleator of ice but it can also carry out this process at a much warmer temperature to cause rain. It can do so as it contains a protein structure which serves as a site of attachment for freely moving water molecules. When the vapors of water get attached to these bacteria, along with other water molecules, it freezes and falls downwards to the Earth.

Answer 16

Expert Solution

Answer 17

Expert Solution

Answer 18

Expert Solution

Answer 19

Conclusion

P. syringae can make it rain in warm temperatures as they contain a protein structure which serves as a site of attachment for freely moving water molecules where vapors get attached and freeze to fall on Earth as rain.

Answer 20

Ch. 1.1 - List the various types of microorganisms.Ch. 1.1 - Identify multiple professions using microbiology.Ch. 1.2 - Describe the role and impact of microbes on the...Ch. 1.2 - Explain the theory of evolution and why it is...Ch. 1.3 - Explain one old way and one new way that humans...Ch. 1.4 - Summarize the relative burden of human disease...Ch. 1.5 - Differentiate among bacteria, archaea, and...Ch. 1.5 - Identify a fourth type of microorganism.Ch. 1.5 - Compare and contrast the relative sizes of the...Ch. 1.6 - Make a time line of the development of...

Explanation of Solution

Explanation of Solution

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