Chapter 1, Problem 19A

Summary Introduction

Introduction :

In a scientific experiment, a proposition or a set of propositions are put forward as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomenon, either asserted as a provisional result to guide in the investigation.

Answer to Problem 19A

Correct answer :

The correct answer is option (C) Hypothesis.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation/justification for the correct answer :

Option (C).Hypothesis is a proposed testable explanation of a phenomenon which requires that one can test it. In the scientific method, hypothesis is created before any applicable research to be done.. So, the correct answer is option (C).

Explanation for incorrect answer :

Option (A). Dependent variables. In an experiment, dependent variables are variables whose values are studied under the hypothesis and are dependent on some law or rule , for example, by a mathematical function. So, this is an incorrect answer.

Option (B). Independent variables. These are variables which are independent or not seen as depending on any other variable in the experiment. Some common independent variables are time, space, density, mass, etc. So, this is an incorrect answer.

Option (D). Observation. In a scientific activity, observation involves collection and recording data using scientific processes. It can be qualitative and quantitative. So, this is an incorrect answer.