Concept explainers
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(a)
Interpretation: The following diagram shown in question as a
Concept Introduction:
State of matter:
Matter exists in four states.
i.e. Solid, liquid ,gas, plasma
Solid- In a solid, particle are closely packed together and unable to move about very much.
Particle of a solid have very low kinetic energy.
The electrons of each atom are in motion, and vibrate little. They have fixed proportion, and definite shape. They have also definite volume.
The particle connected with each atom so tightly so it could not reduce to smaller volume itself.
Liquid-In a liquid, particle are less loosely bound than solid and have more kinetic energy than solid.
The liquid particle is not held in regular shape.
They have acquired volume, means it contain the volume of the container in which it stored.
A liquid will change shape to conform to its container.
Force is separated evenly throughout the liquid.
Gas-Gas particle have a great deal of space between them and have high kinetic energy.
The particle of gas can be spread out indefinitely and if confined, the gas will spread throughout the container.
Gas can be pressurised to reduce its volume and space between the gas paricle will reduced& pressure increases during the collision process.
When the volume of the container held constant, if the temperature increased means the pressure also increased
Gas particle have enough kinetic energy to overcome intermolecular forces that hold by solid or liquid or together.so the gas has no definite volume and shape.
Mixture:
It is a mixture which made up of two or, more different substance with definite proportion or has any amount of ingredient.
Mixture is classified into two types:
1) Homogeneous mixture.
2) Heterogeneous mixture
(b)
Interpretation: The following diagram shown in question as a solid, liquid, gas or mixture of two substance should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
State of matter:
Matter exists in four states.
i.e. Solid, liquid ,gas, plasma
Solid- In a solid, particle are closely packed together and unable to move about very much.
Particle of a solid have very low kinetic energy.
The electrons of each atom are in motion, and vibrate little. They have fixed proportion, and definite shape. They have also definite volume.
The particle connected with each atom so tightly so it could not reduce to smaller volume itself.
Liquid-In a liquid, particle are less loosely bound than solid and have more kinetic energy than solid.
The liquid particle is not held in regular shape.
They have acquired volume, means it contain the volume of the container in which it stored.
A liquid will change shape to conform to its container.
Force is separated evenly throughout the liquid.
Gas-Gas particle have a great deal of space between them and have high kinetic energy.
The particle of gas can be spread out indefinitely and if confined, the gas will spread throughout the container.
Gas can be pressurised to reduce its volume and space between the gas paricle will reduced& pressure increases during the collision process.
When the volume of the container held constant, if the temperature increased means the pressure also increased
Gas particle have enough kinetic energy to overcome intermolecular forces that hold by solid or liquid or together.so the gas has no definite volume and shape.
Mixture:
It is a mixture which made up of two or, more different substance with definite proportion or has any amount of ingredient.
Mixture is classified into two types:
1) Homogeneous mixture.
2) Heterogeneous mixture
(c)
Interpretation: The following diagram shown in question as a solid, liquid, gas or mixture of two substance should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
State of matter:
Matter exists in four states.
i.e. Solid, liquid ,gas, plasma
Solid- In a solid, particle are closely packed together and unable to move about very much.
Particle of a solid have very low kinetic energy.
The electrons of each atom are in motion, and vibrate little. They have fixed proportion, and definite shape. They have also definite volume.
The particle connected with each atom so tightly so it could not reduce to smaller volume itself.
Liquid-In a liquid, particle are less loosely bound than solid and have more kinetic energy than solid.
The liquid particle is not held in regular shape.
They have acquired volume, means it contain the volume of the container in which it stored.
A liquid will change shape to conform to its container.
Force is separated evenly throughout the liquid.
Gas-Gas particle have a great deal of space between them and have high kinetic energy.
The particle of gas can be spread out indefinitely and if confined, the gas will spread throughout the container.
Gas can be pressurised to reduce its volume and space between the gas particle will reduced& pressure increases during the collision process.
When the volume of the container held constant, if the temperature increased means the pressure also increased
Gas particle have enough kinetic energy to overcome intermolecular forces that hold by solid or liquid or together.so the gas has no definite volume and shape.
Mixture:
It is a mixture which made up of two or, more different substance with definite proportion or has any amount of ingredient.
Mixture is classified into two types:
1) Homogeneous mixture.
2) Heterogeneous mixture
To identify: Draw and analyse the diagram to identify the molecule belongs to which states.
(d)
Interpretation: The following diagram shown in question as a solid, liquid, gas or mixture of two substance should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
State of matter:
Matter exists in four states.
i.e. Solid, liquid ,gas, plasma
Solid- In a solid, particle are closely packed together and unable to move about very much.
Particle of a solid have very low kinetic energy.
The electrons of each atom are in motion, and vibrate little. They have fixed proportion, and definite shape. They have also definite volume.
The particle connected with each atom so tightly so it could not reduce to smaller volume itself.
Liquid-In a liquid, particle are less loosely bound than solid and have more kinetic energy than solid.
The liquid particle is not held in regular shape.
They have acquired volume, means it contain the volume of the container in which it stored.
A liquid will change shape to conform to its container.
Force is separated evenly throughout the liquid.
Gas-Gas particle have a great deal of space between them and have high kinetic energy.
The particle of gas can be spread out indefinitely and if confined, the gas will spread throughout the container.
Gas can be pressurised to reduce its volume and space between the gas particle will reduced& pressure increases during the collision process.
When the volume of the container held constant, if the temperature increased means the pressure also increased
Gas particle have enough kinetic energy to overcome intermolecular forces that hold by solid or liquid or together.so the gas has no definite volume and shape.
Mixture:
It is a mixture which made up of two or, more different substance with definite proportion or has any amount of ingredient.
Mixture is classified into two types:
1) Homogeneous mixture.
2) Heterogeneous mixture
To identify: Draw and analyse the diagram to identify the molecule belongs to which states.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Chemistry Atoms First, Second Edition
- Curved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Using the provided starting and product structures, draw the curved electron-pushing arrows for the following reaction or mechanistic step(s). Be sure to account for all bond-breaking and bond-making steps. Drawing Arrows THE Problem 33 of 35 N. C:0 Na + Submit Drag To Pan +arrow_forwardDraw the product of the E2 reaction shown below. Include the correct stereochemistry. Ignore and inorganic byproducts.arrow_forwardDraw the major producrs of this SN1 reaction. Ignore any inorganic byproducts. Use a dash or wedge bond to indicate the sereochemistry of substituents on asymmetric centers where appllicable.arrow_forward
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- You are trying to decide if there is a single reagent you can add that will make the following synthesis possible without any other major side products: xi 1. ☑ 2. H₂O хе i Draw the missing reagent X you think will make this synthesis work in the drawing area below. If there is no reagent that will make your desired product in good yield or without complications, just check the box under the drawing area and leave it blank. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. There is no reagent that will make this synthesis work without complications. : ☐ S ☐arrow_forwardPredict the major products of this organic reaction: H OH 1. LiAlH4 2. H₂O ? Note: be sure you use dash and wedge bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. G C टेarrow_forwardFor each reaction below, decide if the first stable organic product that forms in solution will create a new C-C bond, and check the appropriate box. Next, for each reaction to which you answered "Yes" to in the table, draw this product in the drawing area below. Note for advanced students: for this problem, don't worry if you think this product will continue to react under the current conditions - just focus on the first stable product you expect to form in solution. NH2 CI MgCl ? Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No MgBr ? Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No G टेarrow_forward
- For each reaction below, decide if the first stable organic product that forms in solution will create a new CC bond, and check the appropriate box. Next, for each reaction to which you answered "Yes" to in the table, draw this product in the drawing area below. Note for advanced students: for this problem, don't worry if you think this product will continue to react under the current conditions - just focus on the first stable product you expect to form in solution. དྲ。 ✗MgBr ? O CI Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new C-C bond? Yes No • ? Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No × : ☐ Xarrow_forwardPredict the major products of this organic reaction: OH NaBH4 H ? CH3OH Note: be sure you use dash and wedge bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. ☐ : Sarrow_forwardPredict the major products of this organic reaction: 1. LIAIHA 2. H₂O ? Note: be sure you use dash and wedge bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. X : ☐arrow_forward
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