FUND. OF ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY F16 PKG
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781323431122
Author: Martini
Publisher: PEARSON C
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Chapter 1, Problem 18CP
Summary Introduction
To explain:
The function of the negative feedback system.
Introduction:
The feedback loops play an essential role in maintaining the homeostasis. In negative feedback system, the final outcome of the stimulus nullifies the effect of the stimulus.
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Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
Chapter 1 Solutions
FUND. OF ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY F16 PKG
Ch. 1 - Prob. 1CPCh. 1 - 2. Why is studying human anatomy and physiology...Ch. 1 - Define anatomy.Ch. 1 - Define physiology.Ch. 1 - Prob. 5CPCh. 1 - Define eponym.Ch. 1 - Name the book that serves as the international...Ch. 1 - Describe how anatomy and physiology are closely...Ch. 1 - What is the difference between gross anatomy and...Ch. 1 - Identify several specialties of physiology.
Ch. 1 - Why is it difficult to separate anatomy from...Ch. 1 - Identify the major levels of organization of the...Ch. 1 - Identify the organ systems of the body and cite...Ch. 1 - At which level of organization does a histologist...Ch. 1 - Define homeostasis.Ch. 1 - Which general mechanism of homeostatic regulation...Ch. 1 - Why is homeostatic regulation important to an...Ch. 1 - Prob. 18CPCh. 1 - What happens to the body when homeostasis breaks...Ch. 1 - Prob. 20CPCh. 1 - Prob. 21CPCh. 1 - Define equilibrium.Ch. 1 - When the body continuously adapts by using...Ch. 1 - What is the purpose of anatomical terms?Ch. 1 - For a body in the anatomical position, describe an...Ch. 1 - Name two essential functions of the body cavities...Ch. 1 - Describe the various body cavities of the trunk.Ch. 1 - LEVEL 1 Reviewing Facts and Terms 1. Label the...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - 2. cytology (a) study of tissues 3. physiology (b)...Ch. 1 - Prob. 17RQCh. 1 - The study of the structure of tissues is called...Ch. 1 - The increasingly forceful labor contractions...Ch. 1 - Prob. 20RQCh. 1 - A plane through the body that passes perpendicular...Ch. 1 - Prob. 22RQCh. 1 - Prob. 23RQCh. 1 - (a) Define anatomy. (b) Define physiology.Ch. 1 - The two major body cavities of the trunk are the...Ch. 1 - What distinguishes autoregulation from extrinsic...Ch. 1 - Describe the anatomical position.Ch. 1 - Which sectional plane could divide the body so...Ch. 1 - Prob. 29RQCh. 1 - 30. The hormone calcitonin is released from the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 31RQCh. 1 - Besides the liver and most of the large intestine,...Ch. 1 - If the deep knife wound had been superior to the...
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