ESSENTIAL CELL BIOLOGY-TEXT (PB)
ESSENTIAL CELL BIOLOGY-TEXT (PB)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780393680324
Author: ALBERTS
Publisher: NORTON
bartleby

Concept explainers

bartleby

Videos

Question
Book Icon
Chapter 1, Problem 17Q
Summary Introduction

To calculate: The volume, surface area, and surface-to-volume ratio for a bacterial and animal cell.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

It is given that,

Diameter of the bacteria cell=1 µm

Diameter of the animal cell=15 µm

Radius=Diameter2

Radiusofthebacterialcell=12×10-6m=0.5×10-6mRadiusofthebacterialcell=152×10-6m=7.5×10-6m

Volumeofasphere=43πr3Surfaceareaofasphere=4πr2

Volumeofasphericalbacterialcell=43π(0.5×10-6)3=43×227×(0.5)3×(10-6)3=0.5237×10-185.24×10-19m3

Surfaceareaofasphericalbacterialcell=4π(0.5×10-6)2=4×227×(0.5)2×(10-6)2=3.14×10-12m2

Volumeofasphericalanimalcell=43π(7.5×10-6)3=43×227×(7.5)3×(10-6)3=1767.656×10-181.77×10-15m3

Surfaceareaofasphericalanimalcell=4π(7.5×10-6)2=4×227×(7.5)2×(10-6)2=7.07×10-10m2

Surfaceareatovolumeratioofanimalcell=7.07×10-10m21.77×10-15m3=3.99×105m-14×105m-1

Surfaceareatovolumeratioofbacterialcell=3.14×10-12m25.24×10-19m3= 0.599×107m-10.6×107m-16×106m-1

Thus, the volume and surface area of the bacteria cell is 5.24×1019m3 and 3.14×1012m2 respectively and of animal cell is 1.77×1015m3 and 7.07×1010m2 respectively.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The change in the ratio of surface area to volume if the internal membranes of the cell are included which is 15 times the area of the plasma membrane in surface area calculation.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The volume of the animal cell is 3375 times more than bacterial cell, but the surface area increases only 225 times more than bacterial cell. The surface area to volume ratio of the bacterial and animal cell when the surface area is 15 times that of normal changes to

Surfaceareaofbacterialcellincludinginternalmembrane=15×3.14×10-12m2=47.1×10-12m2

Surfaceareatovolumeratioofbacterialcellincludinginternalmembrane=47.1×10-12m25.24×10-19m3=8.98×107m-19×107m-1

Surfaceareaofanimalcellincludinginternalmembrane=15×7.07×10-10m2=106.05×10-10m2

Surfaceareatovolumeratioofanimalcellincludinginternalmembrane =106.05×10-10m21.77×10-15m3=59.91×105m-16×106m-1

The surface area of bacterial and animal cell changes to 9×107m1 and 6×106m1 respectively. Even after including the internal membranes, the surface area to volume ratio remains nearly the same. Thus, the internal membrane of eukaryotic cell helps the cells to grow bigger and yet maintain copious membrane area. Note, bacteria lack membrane-bound organelle and the calculation for bacterial cell is to gain an idea about the change in surface area to volume ration only.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!
Students have asked these similar questions
Alleles at the P locus control seed color. Plants which are pp have white seeds, white flowers and no pigment in vegetative parts. Plants which are P_ have black seeds, purple flowers and may have varying degrees of pigment on stems and leaves. Seed color can be assessed, visually, based on if the seed is white or not white A gene for mold resistance has been reported and we want to determine its inheritance and whether it is linked to P. For the purposes of this exercise, we will assume that resistance is controlled by a single locus M, and M_ plants are resistant and mm plants are susceptible.  Resistance can be measured, under greenhouse conditions, 2 weeks after planting, by injecting each seedling with a spore suspension. After two weeks, the seedlings can be rated as resistant or susceptible, based on whether or not tissue is actively sporulating. For this exercise we will use seed and data from the F10 generation of a recombinant inbred population produced using single seed…
Linkage in common bean Alleles at the P locus control seed color. Plants which are pp have white seeds, white flowers and no pigment in vegetative parts. Plants which are P_ have black seeds, purple flowers and may have varying degrees of pigment on stems and leaves. Seed color can be assessed, visually, based on if the seed is white or not white A gene for mold resistance has been reported and we want to determine its inheritance and whether it is linked to P. For the purposes of this exercise, we will assume that resistance is controlled by a single locus M, and M_ plants are resistant and mm plants are susceptible.  Resistance can be measured, under greenhouse conditions, 2 weeks after planting, by injecting each seedling with a spore suspension. After two weeks, the seedlings can be rated as resistant or susceptible, based on whether or not tissue is actively sporulating. For this exercise we will use seed and data from the F10 generation of a recombinant inbred population…
Alleles at the P locus control seed color. Plants which are pp have white seeds, white flowers and no pigment in vegetative parts. Plants which are P_ have black seeds, purple flowers and may have varying degrees of pigment on stems and leaves. Seed color can be assessed, visually, based on if the seed is white or not white A gene for mold resistance has been reported and we want to determine its inheritance and whether it is linked to P. For the purposes of this exercise, we will assume that resistance is controlled by a single locus M, and M_ plants are resistant and mm plants are susceptible.  Resistance can be measured, under greenhouse conditions, 2 weeks after planting, by injecting each seedling with a spore suspension. After two weeks, the seedlings can be rated as resistant or susceptible, based on whether or not tissue is actively sporulating. For this exercise we will use seed and data from the F10 generation of a recombinant inbred population produced using single seed…
Knowledge Booster
Background pattern image
Biology
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Text book image
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Text book image
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Text book image
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Text book image
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Text book image
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Text book image
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Photosynthesis & Respiration | Reactions | Chemistry | FuseSchool; Author: FuseSchool - Global Education;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3XIyweZg6Sw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY