Chapter 1, Problem 1.52P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

For the given skeleton of an anion having the overall formula ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{NO}}^{-}$, a complete Lewis structure is to be drawn in which $\text{-1}$ formal charge is on N. All H atoms and valence electrons are to be included.

Concept introduction:

Lewis structure takes into account only the valence electrons. In the Lewis structure, each single line represents a shared pair of electrons, that is, a bonding pair of electrons. Nonbonding electrons are indicated by dots and are usually paired $\text{(:)}$. The number of valence electrons contributed by each atom is the same as the group number. For an anion, each negative charge increases the number of valence electrons by one. In a molecule or polyatomic ion, the charge of an individual atom is determined by the difference between the atoms group number and the actual valence electrons it possesses. For the atoms involved in covalent bonds, the formal charge is determined by assigning both electrons of a lone pair to the atom on which they appear while half the electrons are assigned to each atom involved in the bond.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

For the given skeleton of an anion having the overall formula ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{NO}}^{-}$, a complete Lewis structure is to be drawn in which $\text{-1}$ formal charge is on O. All H atoms and valence electrons are to be included.

Concept introduction:

In the Lewis structure each bond represents a shared pair of electrons and the non-bonding electrons are shown by dots. In a molecule or polyatomic ion, charge to an individual atom is determined by the difference between the atoms group number and the actual valence electrons it possesses. For the atoms involved in covalent bonds, the formal charge is determined by assigning both electrons of a lone pair to the atom on which they appear, and half the electrons are assigned to each atom involved in the bond.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

For the given skeleton of an anion having the overall formula ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{6}}{\text{NO}}^{-}$, a complete Lewis structure is to be drawn in which $\text{-1}$ formal charge is on C atom that is bonded to three other C atoms. All H atoms and valence electrons are to be included.

Concept introduction:

In the Lewis structure each bond represents a shared pair of electrons and the non-bonding electrons are shown by dots. In a molecule or polyatomic ion, charge to an individual atom is determined by the difference between the atoms group number and the actual valence electrons it possesses. For the atoms involved in covalent bonds, the formal charge is determined by assigning both electrons of a lone pair to the atom on which they appear, and half the electrons are assigned to each atom involved in the bond.