ND STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY LOOSELEAF GENETICS: FROM GENES TO GENOMES
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781260406092
Author: HARTWELL, Leland, HOOD, Leroy, Goldberg, Michael
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education/stony Brook University
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Chapter 1, Problem 14P
Explain how the exon/intron structure of genes contributes to the generation of new gene functions during evolution.
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Explain how the exon/intron structure of genescontributes to the generation of new gene functionsduring evolution
To determine:
The ways by which the exon/intron structure of genes
contributes to the generation of new gene functions
during evolution.
What is a gene?
What does "base sequence" mean?
If the base sequence of a segment of a molecule of DNA is changed, will the base sequence of the mRNA made during transcription be changed?
If the base sequence of the mRNA is changed will the sequence of amino acids obtained during translation change?
If the primary structure of a protein is changed, will it's function change?
If the function of the protein changes, will the organism have a different characteristic?
Do introns get read during translation?
Chapter 1 Solutions
ND STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY LOOSELEAF GENETICS: FROM GENES TO GENOMES
Ch. 1 - Choose the phrase from the right column that best...Ch. 1 - If one strand of a DNA molecule has the base...Ch. 1 - The size of one copy of the human genome is...Ch. 1 - Indicate whether each of the following words or...Ch. 1 - a. How many different DNA strands composed of 100...Ch. 1 - RNA shares with proteins the ability to fold into...Ch. 1 - The human protein lactate dehydrogenase shown in...Ch. 1 - a. Are the triplets in the genetic code table...Ch. 1 - Why do scientists think that all forms of life on...Ch. 1 - Why would a geneticist study a yeast cell or a...
Ch. 1 - How can a scientist tell if a protein present in...Ch. 1 - Figure 1.6 shows the amino acid sequences of parts...Ch. 1 - Why do scientists think that new genes arise by...Ch. 1 - Explain how the exon/intron structure of genes...Ch. 1 - Mutations in genes that change their pattern of...Ch. 1 - A single zebrafish gene function was inactivated...Ch. 1 - Different mutations in the WDR62 gene that...Ch. 1 - Researchers have successfully used gene therapy to...Ch. 1 - By the time this book is published, it will likely...
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- Describe one advantage for an organism to contain introns in its genes?arrow_forwardDetermine which of the genomic traits are associated with prokaryotes or eukaryotes. These traits include relative genome size. number of genes, gene density, and number of exons. Prokaryote about one gene every 2000 to 100000 bp relatively large, variable size genome multiple introns Answer Bank relatively small genome about one gene every 1000 bp 500 to 7000 genes Eukaryote 6000 to 30000 genes few, if any, intronsarrow_forwardExplain how the wobble hypothesis enables organisms to encode fewer tRNA moleculesarrow_forward
- In bacteria, split genes are extremely rare. Have introns been inserted into genes in the evolution of higher organisms?arrow_forwardA gene has 60 introns. How man exons does it have? O a) 60 O b) 180 c) 59 d) 61 Listen Splicing ▶ a) Connects proteins together b) Removes Protein sequences c) Removes intron RNA d) Removes Exon RNAarrow_forwardExplain the relationship between changes in gene expression and evolutionary changearrow_forward
- What are the mechanisms in which DNA genomes evolve? Discuss two or more and provide examples and whyarrow_forwardAn analysis of the human genome revealed that some regions of DNA that are highly conserved across species do not code for proteins. Propose an explanation for why these noncoding regions are conserved and what this could mean in terms of evolution.arrow_forwardDNA sequences can act as "tape measures of evolution". Scientists analyzing the human genome sequence were surprised to find that some regions of the human genome that are most highly conserved (similar to comparable regions in other species) don't code for proteins at all. Given what you've learned about "genes" speculate on reasons why this might be so.arrow_forward
- Outline the different rates of evolution that are typically seen in different parts of a protein-encoding gene. What might account for these differences?arrow_forwardAnswer question 23arrow_forwardSeveral different nucleic acids are involved in the process of getting a protein produced from a gene. DNA contains the "genetic code" for the protein. DNA is double-stranded, but only one strand is transcribed into MRNA. The MRNA then goes into the cytoplasm where it is translated into protein with the help of TRNA. At each stage of the process, there is base complementarity (A pairs with T/U and C pairs with G) between the nucleic acids involved to ensure the integrity of the DNA blueprint for the protein being produced. Therefore, some of the four strands of nucleic acids involved will match (except U replaces T in RNA) and some will have base complementarity. Indicate whether there is matching (1) or base complementarity (2) between the following nucleic acids. DNA sense strand and MRNA DNA sense strand and tRNA DNA antisense strand and MRNA MRNA and TRNAarrow_forward
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Genome Annotation, Sequence Conventions and Reading Frames; Author: Loren Launen;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MWvYgGyqVys;License: Standard Youtube License