Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements: a) The logical unit of the computer that receives information from outside the computer for use by the computer is the_______. b) The process of instructing the computer to solve a problem is called_. c) is a type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions. d) _______is a logical unit of the Computer that sends information which has already been processed by the computer to various devices so that it may be used outside the computer. e) andare logical units of the computer that retain information. f) _is a logical unit of the computer that performs calculations. g) is a logical unit of the computer that makes logical decisions. h) languages are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs quickly and easily. i) The only language a computer can directly understand is that computer's _. j) ______is a logical unit of the computer that coordinates the activities of all the other logical units.

Question

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.4E

Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements:
a) The logical unit of the computer that receives information from outside the computer
for use by the computer is the_________.
b) The process of instructing the computer to solve a problem is called_____.
c) ________is a type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions.
d) _________________is a logical unit of the Computer that sends information which has already
been processed by the computer to various devices so that it may be used outside the
computer.
e) ________and________are logical units of the computer that retain information.
f) _________is a logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.
g) __________is a logical unit of the computer that makes logical decisions.
h) __________languages are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs
quickly and easily.
i) The only language a computer can directly understand is that computer's _______.
j) ________is a logical unit of the computer that coordinates the activities of all the other
logical units.

Expert Solution

To determine

a. To provide a name for the logical unit in the computer that receives information from outside the computer.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Input unit

Explanation of Solution

All data, information or instructions are received in computer from input units. Input units are responsible for receiving data from users and sending this data to the central processing unit where it can be processed.

Therefore, the logical unit of the computer that receives information from outside for further processing by computrer is the “input unit”.

Expert Solution

To determine

b. To name the process of instructing the computer to solve a problem.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Programming

Explanation of Solution

Certain sets of instructions to accomplish a task are provided to computer in form of programs. The process of writing these instructions is known as programming. Therefore, the process of instructing the computer to solve a problem is called “programming”.

Expert Solution

To determine

c. To name the type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Assembly language

Explanation of Solution

Machine language can be directly understood by the computer. A machine language consists of only 0s and 1s since the computer can understand only these two symbols. Due to this, Machine language is difficult to understand and it is hard to provide the simplest instructions to the computer using this language. Therefore, assembly language was introduced to act as an interface between machines and humans. Assembly language uses English-like abbreviations, which makes it easier to be understood by humans. The instructions written in assembly language are converted to machine language for further processing.

Therefore, “Assembly language” is a type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions.

Expert Solution

To determine

d. To name the logical unit of the computer that sends already processed information to the outside world.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Output unit

Explanation of Solution

One part of the logical unit is responsible for shipping the processed data of the computer to the users. This unit is known as the output unit

Therefore, the “Output unit” is a logical unit of the computer that sends information that has already been processed by the computer to various devices so that it may be used outside the computer.

Expert Solution

To determine

d. To name the logical units of computer that retains information.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Memory Unit and Secondary storage unit

Explanation of Solution

The memory unit holds the data that is to be used by the central processing unit (CPU). The memory unit has fast data transfer speed and therefore is in direct contact with CPU. Memory unit is temporary storage and loses its data as soon as the computer is turned off.

The secondary storage unit is responsible for holding data for a longer period of time as compared to the memory unit. The data transfer rate of the secondary storage unit is much smaller as compared to the memory unit. In this unit, data is not lost even after computer power is turned off. So, Secondary storage unit is for long term usage.

Therefore, “Memory unit” and “Secondary storage unit” are logical units of the computer that retain information.

Expert Solution

To determine

f. To name the logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Arithmetic logic unit

Explanation of Solution

All calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc. are performed by Arithmetic logic unit (ALU).

Therefore, “Arithmetic logic unit” is a logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.

Expert Solution

To determine

g. To name the logical unit of the computer that performs logical decisions.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Arithmetic logic unit

Explanation of Solution

Along with performing arithmetic calculations, the Arithmetic logic unit is also responsible for performing logical decisions inside a computer system such as comparing whether any two items from computer memory are equal or not.

Therefore, “Arithmetic logic unit” is a logical unit of the computer that makes logical decisions.

Expert Solution

To determine

h. To name the languages which are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs quickly and easily.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

High-level

Explanation of Solution

Programming languages can be categorized into three, they are machine language, assembly language and high-level language. Among these, high-level language is the most user-friendly as it follows English like syntax. Programming with high-level languages makes it easier for programmers to provide an efficient program.

Therefore, “High-level” languages are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs quickly and easily.

Expert Solution

To determine

i. To name the computer language that a computer can directly understand.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Machine language

Explanation of Solution

Machine language is represented by two symbols, i.e., 0 and 1. A computer can understand only machine language. Programs written in any language are first converted to machine language before being executed.

Therefore, the only language a computer can directly understand is the computer’s “Machine language”.

Expert Solution

To determine

j. To name the logical unit of the computer that coordinates all the activities of all logical units.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Explanation of Solution

CPU is considered as an administrative unit for a computer. It tells the input unit when information should be read into the memory and sent for processing by ALU. It also instructs the output unit about when to transfer data to the user.

Therefore, the “Central Processing Unit (CPU)” is a logical unit of the computer that coordinates the activities of all the other logical units.

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05:37

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Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.4E

Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements:
a) The logical unit of the computer that receives information from outside the computer
for use by the computer is the_________.
b) The process of instructing the computer to solve a problem is called_____.
c) ________is a type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions.
d) _________________is a logical unit of the Computer that sends information which has already
been processed by the computer to various devices so that it may be used outside the
computer.
e) ________and________are logical units of the computer that retain information.
f) _________is a logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.
g) __________is a logical unit of the computer that makes logical decisions.
h) __________languages are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs
quickly and easily.
i) The only language a computer can directly understand is that computer's _______.
j) ________is a logical unit of the computer that coordinates the activities of all the other
logical units.

Expert Solution

To determine

a. To provide a name for the logical unit in the computer that receives information from outside the computer.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Input unit

Explanation of Solution

All data, information or instructions are received in computer from input units. Input units are responsible for receiving data from users and sending this data to the central processing unit where it can be processed.

Therefore, the logical unit of the computer that receives information from outside for further processing by computrer is the “input unit”.

Expert Solution

To determine

b. To name the process of instructing the computer to solve a problem.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Programming

Explanation of Solution

Certain sets of instructions to accomplish a task are provided to computer in form of programs. The process of writing these instructions is known as programming. Therefore, the process of instructing the computer to solve a problem is called “programming”.

Expert Solution

To determine

c. To name the type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Assembly language

Explanation of Solution

Machine language can be directly understood by the computer. A machine language consists of only 0s and 1s since the computer can understand only these two symbols. Due to this, Machine language is difficult to understand and it is hard to provide the simplest instructions to the computer using this language. Therefore, assembly language was introduced to act as an interface between machines and humans. Assembly language uses English-like abbreviations, which makes it easier to be understood by humans. The instructions written in assembly language are converted to machine language for further processing.

Therefore, “Assembly language” is a type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions.

Expert Solution

To determine

d. To name the logical unit of the computer that sends already processed information to the outside world.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Output unit

Explanation of Solution

One part of the logical unit is responsible for shipping the processed data of the computer to the users. This unit is known as the output unit

Therefore, the “Output unit” is a logical unit of the computer that sends information that has already been processed by the computer to various devices so that it may be used outside the computer.

Expert Solution

To determine

d. To name the logical units of computer that retains information.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Memory Unit and Secondary storage unit

Explanation of Solution

The memory unit holds the data that is to be used by the central processing unit (CPU). The memory unit has fast data transfer speed and therefore is in direct contact with CPU. Memory unit is temporary storage and loses its data as soon as the computer is turned off.

The secondary storage unit is responsible for holding data for a longer period of time as compared to the memory unit. The data transfer rate of the secondary storage unit is much smaller as compared to the memory unit. In this unit, data is not lost even after computer power is turned off. So, Secondary storage unit is for long term usage.

Therefore, “Memory unit” and “Secondary storage unit” are logical units of the computer that retain information.

Expert Solution

To determine

f. To name the logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Arithmetic logic unit

Explanation of Solution

All calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc. are performed by Arithmetic logic unit (ALU).

Therefore, “Arithmetic logic unit” is a logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.

Expert Solution

To determine

g. To name the logical unit of the computer that performs logical decisions.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Arithmetic logic unit

Explanation of Solution

Along with performing arithmetic calculations, the Arithmetic logic unit is also responsible for performing logical decisions inside a computer system such as comparing whether any two items from computer memory are equal or not.

Therefore, “Arithmetic logic unit” is a logical unit of the computer that makes logical decisions.

Expert Solution

To determine

h. To name the languages which are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs quickly and easily.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

High-level

Explanation of Solution

Programming languages can be categorized into three, they are machine language, assembly language and high-level language. Among these, high-level language is the most user-friendly as it follows English like syntax. Programming with high-level languages makes it easier for programmers to provide an efficient program.

Therefore, “High-level” languages are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs quickly and easily.

Expert Solution

To determine

i. To name the computer language that a computer can directly understand.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Machine language

Explanation of Solution

Machine language is represented by two symbols, i.e., 0 and 1. A computer can understand only machine language. Programs written in any language are first converted to machine language before being executed.

Therefore, the only language a computer can directly understand is the computer’s “Machine language”.

Expert Solution

To determine

j. To name the logical unit of the computer that coordinates all the activities of all logical units.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Explanation of Solution

CPU is considered as an administrative unit for a computer. It tells the input unit when information should be read into the memory and sent for processing by ALU. It also instructs the output unit about when to transfer data to the user.

Therefore, the “Central Processing Unit (CPU)” is a logical unit of the computer that coordinates the activities of all the other logical units.

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05:37

Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.4E

Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements:
a) The logical unit of the computer that receives information from outside the computer
for use by the computer is the_________.
b) The process of instructing the computer to solve a problem is called_____.
c) ________is a type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions.
d) _________________is a logical unit of the Computer that sends information which has already
been processed by the computer to various devices so that it may be used outside the
computer.
e) ________and________are logical units of the computer that retain information.
f) _________is a logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.
g) __________is a logical unit of the computer that makes logical decisions.
h) __________languages are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs
quickly and easily.
i) The only language a computer can directly understand is that computer's _______.
j) ________is a logical unit of the computer that coordinates the activities of all the other
logical units.

Expert Solution

To determine

a. To provide a name for the logical unit in the computer that receives information from outside the computer.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Input unit

Explanation of Solution

All data, information or instructions are received in computer from input units. Input units are responsible for receiving data from users and sending this data to the central processing unit where it can be processed.

Therefore, the logical unit of the computer that receives information from outside for further processing by computrer is the “input unit”.

Expert Solution

To determine

b. To name the process of instructing the computer to solve a problem.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Programming

Explanation of Solution

Certain sets of instructions to accomplish a task are provided to computer in form of programs. The process of writing these instructions is known as programming. Therefore, the process of instructing the computer to solve a problem is called “programming”.

Expert Solution

To determine

c. To name the type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Assembly language

Explanation of Solution

Machine language can be directly understood by the computer. A machine language consists of only 0s and 1s since the computer can understand only these two symbols. Due to this, Machine language is difficult to understand and it is hard to provide the simplest instructions to the computer using this language. Therefore, assembly language was introduced to act as an interface between machines and humans. Assembly language uses English-like abbreviations, which makes it easier to be understood by humans. The instructions written in assembly language are converted to machine language for further processing.

Therefore, “Assembly language” is a type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions.

Expert Solution

To determine

d. To name the logical unit of the computer that sends already processed information to the outside world.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Output unit

Explanation of Solution

One part of the logical unit is responsible for shipping the processed data of the computer to the users. This unit is known as the output unit

Therefore, the “Output unit” is a logical unit of the computer that sends information that has already been processed by the computer to various devices so that it may be used outside the computer.

Expert Solution

To determine

d. To name the logical units of computer that retains information.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Memory Unit and Secondary storage unit

Explanation of Solution

The memory unit holds the data that is to be used by the central processing unit (CPU). The memory unit has fast data transfer speed and therefore is in direct contact with CPU. Memory unit is temporary storage and loses its data as soon as the computer is turned off.

The secondary storage unit is responsible for holding data for a longer period of time as compared to the memory unit. The data transfer rate of the secondary storage unit is much smaller as compared to the memory unit. In this unit, data is not lost even after computer power is turned off. So, Secondary storage unit is for long term usage.

Therefore, “Memory unit” and “Secondary storage unit” are logical units of the computer that retain information.

Expert Solution

To determine

f. To name the logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Arithmetic logic unit

Explanation of Solution

All calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc. are performed by Arithmetic logic unit (ALU).

Therefore, “Arithmetic logic unit” is a logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.

Expert Solution

To determine

g. To name the logical unit of the computer that performs logical decisions.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Arithmetic logic unit

Explanation of Solution

Along with performing arithmetic calculations, the Arithmetic logic unit is also responsible for performing logical decisions inside a computer system such as comparing whether any two items from computer memory are equal or not.

Therefore, “Arithmetic logic unit” is a logical unit of the computer that makes logical decisions.

Expert Solution

To determine

h. To name the languages which are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs quickly and easily.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

High-level

Explanation of Solution

Programming languages can be categorized into three, they are machine language, assembly language and high-level language. Among these, high-level language is the most user-friendly as it follows English like syntax. Programming with high-level languages makes it easier for programmers to provide an efficient program.

Therefore, “High-level” languages are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs quickly and easily.

Expert Solution

To determine

i. To name the computer language that a computer can directly understand.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Machine language

Explanation of Solution

Machine language is represented by two symbols, i.e., 0 and 1. A computer can understand only machine language. Programs written in any language are first converted to machine language before being executed.

Therefore, the only language a computer can directly understand is the computer’s “Machine language”.

Expert Solution

To determine

j. To name the logical unit of the computer that coordinates all the activities of all logical units.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Explanation of Solution

CPU is considered as an administrative unit for a computer. It tells the input unit when information should be read into the memory and sent for processing by ALU. It also instructs the output unit about when to transfer data to the user.

Therefore, the “Central Processing Unit (CPU)” is a logical unit of the computer that coordinates the activities of all the other logical units.

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05:37

Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.4E

Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements:
a) The logical unit of the computer that receives information from outside the computer
for use by the computer is the_________.
b) The process of instructing the computer to solve a problem is called_____.
c) ________is a type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions.
d) _________________is a logical unit of the Computer that sends information which has already
been processed by the computer to various devices so that it may be used outside the
computer.
e) ________and________are logical units of the computer that retain information.
f) _________is a logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.
g) __________is a logical unit of the computer that makes logical decisions.
h) __________languages are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs
quickly and easily.
i) The only language a computer can directly understand is that computer's _______.
j) ________is a logical unit of the computer that coordinates the activities of all the other
logical units.

Expert Solution

To determine

a. To provide a name for the logical unit in the computer that receives information from outside the computer.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Input unit

Explanation of Solution

All data, information or instructions are received in computer from input units. Input units are responsible for receiving data from users and sending this data to the central processing unit where it can be processed.

Therefore, the logical unit of the computer that receives information from outside for further processing by computrer is the “input unit”.

Expert Solution

To determine

b. To name the process of instructing the computer to solve a problem.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Programming

Explanation of Solution

Certain sets of instructions to accomplish a task are provided to computer in form of programs. The process of writing these instructions is known as programming. Therefore, the process of instructing the computer to solve a problem is called “programming”.

Expert Solution

To determine

c. To name the type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Assembly language

Explanation of Solution

Machine language can be directly understood by the computer. A machine language consists of only 0s and 1s since the computer can understand only these two symbols. Due to this, Machine language is difficult to understand and it is hard to provide the simplest instructions to the computer using this language. Therefore, assembly language was introduced to act as an interface between machines and humans. Assembly language uses English-like abbreviations, which makes it easier to be understood by humans. The instructions written in assembly language are converted to machine language for further processing.

Therefore, “Assembly language” is a type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions.

Expert Solution

To determine

d. To name the logical unit of the computer that sends already processed information to the outside world.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Output unit

Explanation of Solution

One part of the logical unit is responsible for shipping the processed data of the computer to the users. This unit is known as the output unit

Therefore, the “Output unit” is a logical unit of the computer that sends information that has already been processed by the computer to various devices so that it may be used outside the computer.

Expert Solution

To determine

d. To name the logical units of computer that retains information.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Memory Unit and Secondary storage unit

Explanation of Solution

The memory unit holds the data that is to be used by the central processing unit (CPU). The memory unit has fast data transfer speed and therefore is in direct contact with CPU. Memory unit is temporary storage and loses its data as soon as the computer is turned off.

The secondary storage unit is responsible for holding data for a longer period of time as compared to the memory unit. The data transfer rate of the secondary storage unit is much smaller as compared to the memory unit. In this unit, data is not lost even after computer power is turned off. So, Secondary storage unit is for long term usage.

Therefore, “Memory unit” and “Secondary storage unit” are logical units of the computer that retain information.

Expert Solution

To determine

f. To name the logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Arithmetic logic unit

Explanation of Solution

All calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc. are performed by Arithmetic logic unit (ALU).

Therefore, “Arithmetic logic unit” is a logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.

Expert Solution

To determine

g. To name the logical unit of the computer that performs logical decisions.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Arithmetic logic unit

Explanation of Solution

Along with performing arithmetic calculations, the Arithmetic logic unit is also responsible for performing logical decisions inside a computer system such as comparing whether any two items from computer memory are equal or not.

Therefore, “Arithmetic logic unit” is a logical unit of the computer that makes logical decisions.

Expert Solution

To determine

h. To name the languages which are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs quickly and easily.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

High-level

Explanation of Solution

Programming languages can be categorized into three, they are machine language, assembly language and high-level language. Among these, high-level language is the most user-friendly as it follows English like syntax. Programming with high-level languages makes it easier for programmers to provide an efficient program.

Therefore, “High-level” languages are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs quickly and easily.

Expert Solution

To determine

i. To name the computer language that a computer can directly understand.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Machine language

Explanation of Solution

Machine language is represented by two symbols, i.e., 0 and 1. A computer can understand only machine language. Programs written in any language are first converted to machine language before being executed.

Therefore, the only language a computer can directly understand is the computer’s “Machine language”.

Expert Solution

To determine

j. To name the logical unit of the computer that coordinates all the activities of all logical units.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Explanation of Solution

CPU is considered as an administrative unit for a computer. It tells the input unit when information should be read into the memory and sent for processing by ALU. It also instructs the output unit about when to transfer data to the user.

Therefore, the “Central Processing Unit (CPU)” is a logical unit of the computer that coordinates the activities of all the other logical units.

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Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

Expert Solution

To determine

a. To provide a name for the logical unit in the computer that receives information from outside the computer.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Input unit

Explanation of Solution

All data, information or instructions are received in computer from input units. Input units are responsible for receiving data from users and sending this data to the central processing unit where it can be processed.

Therefore, the logical unit of the computer that receives information from outside for further processing by computrer is the “input unit”.

Expert Solution

To determine

b. To name the process of instructing the computer to solve a problem.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Programming

Explanation of Solution

Certain sets of instructions to accomplish a task are provided to computer in form of programs. The process of writing these instructions is known as programming. Therefore, the process of instructing the computer to solve a problem is called “programming”.

Expert Solution

To determine

c. To name the type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Assembly language

Explanation of Solution

Machine language can be directly understood by the computer. A machine language consists of only 0s and 1s since the computer can understand only these two symbols. Due to this, Machine language is difficult to understand and it is hard to provide the simplest instructions to the computer using this language. Therefore, assembly language was introduced to act as an interface between machines and humans. Assembly language uses English-like abbreviations, which makes it easier to be understood by humans. The instructions written in assembly language are converted to machine language for further processing.

Therefore, “Assembly language” is a type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions.

Expert Solution

To determine

d. To name the logical unit of the computer that sends already processed information to the outside world.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Output unit

Explanation of Solution

One part of the logical unit is responsible for shipping the processed data of the computer to the users. This unit is known as the output unit

Therefore, the “Output unit” is a logical unit of the computer that sends information that has already been processed by the computer to various devices so that it may be used outside the computer.

Expert Solution

To determine

d. To name the logical units of computer that retains information.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Memory Unit and Secondary storage unit

Explanation of Solution

The memory unit holds the data that is to be used by the central processing unit (CPU). The memory unit has fast data transfer speed and therefore is in direct contact with CPU. Memory unit is temporary storage and loses its data as soon as the computer is turned off.

The secondary storage unit is responsible for holding data for a longer period of time as compared to the memory unit. The data transfer rate of the secondary storage unit is much smaller as compared to the memory unit. In this unit, data is not lost even after computer power is turned off. So, Secondary storage unit is for long term usage.

Therefore, “Memory unit” and “Secondary storage unit” are logical units of the computer that retain information.

Expert Solution

To determine

f. To name the logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Arithmetic logic unit

Explanation of Solution

All calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc. are performed by Arithmetic logic unit (ALU).

Therefore, “Arithmetic logic unit” is a logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.

Expert Solution

To determine

g. To name the logical unit of the computer that performs logical decisions.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Arithmetic logic unit

Explanation of Solution

Along with performing arithmetic calculations, the Arithmetic logic unit is also responsible for performing logical decisions inside a computer system such as comparing whether any two items from computer memory are equal or not.

Therefore, “Arithmetic logic unit” is a logical unit of the computer that makes logical decisions.

Expert Solution

To determine

h. To name the languages which are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs quickly and easily.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

High-level

Explanation of Solution

Programming languages can be categorized into three, they are machine language, assembly language and high-level language. Among these, high-level language is the most user-friendly as it follows English like syntax. Programming with high-level languages makes it easier for programmers to provide an efficient program.

Therefore, “High-level” languages are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs quickly and easily.

Expert Solution

To determine

i. To name the computer language that a computer can directly understand.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Machine language

Explanation of Solution

Machine language is represented by two symbols, i.e., 0 and 1. A computer can understand only machine language. Programs written in any language are first converted to machine language before being executed.

Therefore, the only language a computer can directly understand is the computer’s “Machine language”.

Expert Solution

To determine

j. To name the logical unit of the computer that coordinates all the activities of all logical units.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Explanation of Solution

CPU is considered as an administrative unit for a computer. It tells the input unit when information should be read into the memory and sent for processing by ALU. It also instructs the output unit about when to transfer data to the user.

Therefore, the “Central Processing Unit (CPU)” is a logical unit of the computer that coordinates the activities of all the other logical units.

Answer 8

Expert Solution

To determine

a. To provide a name for the logical unit in the computer that receives information from outside the computer.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Input unit

Explanation of Solution

All data, information or instructions are received in computer from input units. Input units are responsible for receiving data from users and sending this data to the central processing unit where it can be processed.

Therefore, the logical unit of the computer that receives information from outside for further processing by computrer is the “input unit”.

Answer 9

Expert Solution

Answer 10

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

To determine

a. To provide a name for the logical unit in the computer that receives information from outside the computer.

Answer 13

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Input unit

Answer 14

Explanation of Solution

All data, information or instructions are received in computer from input units. Input units are responsible for receiving data from users and sending this data to the central processing unit where it can be processed.

Therefore, the logical unit of the computer that receives information from outside for further processing by computrer is the “input unit”.

Answer 15

Expert Solution

To determine

b. To name the process of instructing the computer to solve a problem.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Programming

Explanation of Solution

Certain sets of instructions to accomplish a task are provided to computer in form of programs. The process of writing these instructions is known as programming. Therefore, the process of instructing the computer to solve a problem is called “programming”.

Answer 16

Expert Solution

Answer 17

Expert Solution

Answer 18

Expert Solution

Answer 19

To determine

b. To name the process of instructing the computer to solve a problem.

Answer 20

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Programming

Answer 21

Explanation of Solution

Certain sets of instructions to accomplish a task are provided to computer in form of programs. The process of writing these instructions is known as programming. Therefore, the process of instructing the computer to solve a problem is called “programming”.

Answer 22

Expert Solution

To determine

c. To name the type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Assembly language

Explanation of Solution

Machine language can be directly understood by the computer. A machine language consists of only 0s and 1s since the computer can understand only these two symbols. Due to this, Machine language is difficult to understand and it is hard to provide the simplest instructions to the computer using this language. Therefore, assembly language was introduced to act as an interface between machines and humans. Assembly language uses English-like abbreviations, which makes it easier to be understood by humans. The instructions written in assembly language are converted to machine language for further processing.

Therefore, “Assembly language” is a type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions.

Answer 23

Expert Solution

Answer 24

Expert Solution

Answer 25

Expert Solution

Answer 26

To determine

c. To name the type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions.

Answer 27

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Assembly language

Answer 28

Explanation of Solution

Machine language can be directly understood by the computer. A machine language consists of only 0s and 1s since the computer can understand only these two symbols. Due to this, Machine language is difficult to understand and it is hard to provide the simplest instructions to the computer using this language. Therefore, assembly language was introduced to act as an interface between machines and humans. Assembly language uses English-like abbreviations, which makes it easier to be understood by humans. The instructions written in assembly language are converted to machine language for further processing.

Therefore, “Assembly language” is a type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions.

Answer 29

Expert Solution

To determine

d. To name the logical unit of the computer that sends already processed information to the outside world.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Output unit

Explanation of Solution

One part of the logical unit is responsible for shipping the processed data of the computer to the users. This unit is known as the output unit

Therefore, the “Output unit” is a logical unit of the computer that sends information that has already been processed by the computer to various devices so that it may be used outside the computer.

Answer 30

Expert Solution

Answer 31

Expert Solution

Answer 32

Expert Solution

Answer 33

To determine

d. To name the logical unit of the computer that sends already processed information to the outside world.

Answer 34

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Output unit

Answer 35

Explanation of Solution

One part of the logical unit is responsible for shipping the processed data of the computer to the users. This unit is known as the output unit

Therefore, the “Output unit” is a logical unit of the computer that sends information that has already been processed by the computer to various devices so that it may be used outside the computer.

Answer 36

Expert Solution

To determine

d. To name the logical units of computer that retains information.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Memory Unit and Secondary storage unit

Explanation of Solution

The memory unit holds the data that is to be used by the central processing unit (CPU). The memory unit has fast data transfer speed and therefore is in direct contact with CPU. Memory unit is temporary storage and loses its data as soon as the computer is turned off.

The secondary storage unit is responsible for holding data for a longer period of time as compared to the memory unit. The data transfer rate of the secondary storage unit is much smaller as compared to the memory unit. In this unit, data is not lost even after computer power is turned off. So, Secondary storage unit is for long term usage.

Therefore, “Memory unit” and “Secondary storage unit” are logical units of the computer that retain information.

Answer 37

Expert Solution

Answer 38

Expert Solution

Answer 39

Expert Solution

Answer 40

To determine

d. To name the logical units of computer that retains information.

Answer 41

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Memory Unit and Secondary storage unit

Answer 42

Explanation of Solution

The memory unit holds the data that is to be used by the central processing unit (CPU). The memory unit has fast data transfer speed and therefore is in direct contact with CPU. Memory unit is temporary storage and loses its data as soon as the computer is turned off.

The secondary storage unit is responsible for holding data for a longer period of time as compared to the memory unit. The data transfer rate of the secondary storage unit is much smaller as compared to the memory unit. In this unit, data is not lost even after computer power is turned off. So, Secondary storage unit is for long term usage.

Therefore, “Memory unit” and “Secondary storage unit” are logical units of the computer that retain information.

Answer 43

Expert Solution

To determine

f. To name the logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Arithmetic logic unit

Explanation of Solution

All calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc. are performed by Arithmetic logic unit (ALU).

Therefore, “Arithmetic logic unit” is a logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.

Answer 44

Expert Solution

Answer 45

Expert Solution

Answer 46

Expert Solution

Answer 47

To determine

f. To name the logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.

Answer 48

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Arithmetic logic unit

Answer 49

Explanation of Solution

All calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc. are performed by Arithmetic logic unit (ALU).

Therefore, “Arithmetic logic unit” is a logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.

Answer 50

Expert Solution

To determine

g. To name the logical unit of the computer that performs logical decisions.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Arithmetic logic unit

Explanation of Solution

Along with performing arithmetic calculations, the Arithmetic logic unit is also responsible for performing logical decisions inside a computer system such as comparing whether any two items from computer memory are equal or not.

Therefore, “Arithmetic logic unit” is a logical unit of the computer that makes logical decisions.

Answer 51

Expert Solution

Answer 52

Expert Solution

Answer 53

Expert Solution

Answer 54

To determine

g. To name the logical unit of the computer that performs logical decisions.

Answer 55

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Arithmetic logic unit

Answer 56

Explanation of Solution

Along with performing arithmetic calculations, the Arithmetic logic unit is also responsible for performing logical decisions inside a computer system such as comparing whether any two items from computer memory are equal or not.

Therefore, “Arithmetic logic unit” is a logical unit of the computer that makes logical decisions.

Answer 57

Expert Solution

To determine

h. To name the languages which are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs quickly and easily.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

High-level

Explanation of Solution

Programming languages can be categorized into three, they are machine language, assembly language and high-level language. Among these, high-level language is the most user-friendly as it follows English like syntax. Programming with high-level languages makes it easier for programmers to provide an efficient program.

Therefore, “High-level” languages are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs quickly and easily.

Answer 58

Expert Solution

Answer 59

Expert Solution

Answer 60

Expert Solution

Answer 61

To determine

h. To name the languages which are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs quickly and easily.

Answer 62

Answer to Problem 1.4E

High-level

Answer 63

Explanation of Solution

Programming languages can be categorized into three, they are machine language, assembly language and high-level language. Among these, high-level language is the most user-friendly as it follows English like syntax. Programming with high-level languages makes it easier for programmers to provide an efficient program.

Therefore, “High-level” languages are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs quickly and easily.

Answer 64

Expert Solution

To determine

i. To name the computer language that a computer can directly understand.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Machine language

Explanation of Solution

Machine language is represented by two symbols, i.e., 0 and 1. A computer can understand only machine language. Programs written in any language are first converted to machine language before being executed.

Therefore, the only language a computer can directly understand is the computer’s “Machine language”.

Answer 65

Expert Solution

Answer 66

Expert Solution

Answer 67

Expert Solution

Answer 68

To determine

i. To name the computer language that a computer can directly understand.

Answer 69

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Machine language

Answer 70

Explanation of Solution

Machine language is represented by two symbols, i.e., 0 and 1. A computer can understand only machine language. Programs written in any language are first converted to machine language before being executed.

Therefore, the only language a computer can directly understand is the computer’s “Machine language”.

Answer 71

Expert Solution

To determine

j. To name the logical unit of the computer that coordinates all the activities of all logical units.

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Explanation of Solution

CPU is considered as an administrative unit for a computer. It tells the input unit when information should be read into the memory and sent for processing by ALU. It also instructs the output unit about when to transfer data to the user.

Therefore, the “Central Processing Unit (CPU)” is a logical unit of the computer that coordinates the activities of all the other logical units.

Answer 72

Expert Solution

Answer 73

Expert Solution

Answer 74

Expert Solution

Answer 75

To determine

j. To name the logical unit of the computer that coordinates all the activities of all logical units.

Answer 76

Answer to Problem 1.4E

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Answer 77

Explanation of Solution

CPU is considered as an administrative unit for a computer. It tells the input unit when information should be read into the memory and sent for processing by ALU. It also instructs the output unit about when to transfer data to the user.

Therefore, the “Central Processing Unit (CPU)” is a logical unit of the computer that coordinates the activities of all the other logical units.