Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Helium filled in a toy balloon is solid, liquid or gas is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Anything that has mass and volume is defined as a matter. The matter is classified as solids, liquids, and gases on the basis of a state that depends on the physical form of matter.
In solids, the atoms and molecules have fixed positions and are closely packed to each other. The atoms and molecules in the solid state only vibrate and do not move over each other. Therefore, a solid has a rigid shape and fixed volume. The examples of matter that are solid are ice and diamond.
In liquids, atoms and molecules are also closely packed to each other but they can move over each other. Thus, liquids have fixed volume but they do not have a fixed shape. Liquids occupy the shape of the container. The examples of matter that are liquid are water and alcohol.
In gases, the atoms and molecules have space between them and can easily move over each other hence gases are compressible. Gases neither have fixed shape nor volume. It occupies the shape and volume of the container. The examples of matter that are gases are nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
(b)
Interpretation:
Mercury in a thermometer is solid, liquid or gas is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Anything that has mass and volume is defined as a matter. The matter is classified as solids, liquids, and gases on the basis of a state that depends on the physical form of matter.
In solids, the atoms and molecules have fixed positions and are closely packed to each other. The atoms and molecules in the solid state only vibrate and do not move over each other. Therefore, a solid has a rigid shape and fixed volume. The examples of matter that are solid are ice and diamond.
In liquids, atoms and molecules are also closely packed to each other but they can move over each other. Thus, liquids have fixed volume but they do not have a fixed shape. Liquids occupy the shape of the container. The examples of matter that are liquid are water and alcohol.
In gases, the atoms and molecules have space between them and can easily move over each other hence gases are compressible. Gases neither have fixed shape nor volume. It occupies the shape and volume of the container. The examples of matter that are gases are nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
(c)
Interpretation:
Soup in a bowl is solid, liquid or gas is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Anything that has mass and volume is defined as a matter. The matter is classified as solids, liquids, and gases on the basis of a state that depends on the physical form of matter.
In solids, the atoms and molecules have fixed positions and are closely packed to each other. The atoms and molecules in the solid state only vibrate and do not move over each other. Therefore, a solid has a rigid shape and fixed volume. The examples of matter that are solid are ice and diamond.
In liquids, atoms and molecules are also closely packed to each other but they can move over each other. Thus, liquids have fixed volume but they do not have a fixed shape. Liquids occupy the shape of the container. The examples of matter that are liquid are water and alcohol.
In gases, the atoms and molecules have space between them and can easily move over each other hence gases are compressible. Gases neither have fixed shape nor volume. It occupies the shape and volume of the container. The examples of matter that are gases are nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
CHEMISTRY/ALEKS AND CONNECT
- The highest boiling compound from among the following isA. 2-methylheptane; B. 3-methylheptane; C. 2,2-dimethylhexane;D. octane; E. 2,2,3-trimethylpentanearrow_forwardWhich of the following features are found in the most stable structure ofCH5NO that does not have a CO bond?w. a π bond, x. two NH bonds, y. one OH bond, z. 3 lone pairsA. w, x; B. x, y; C. y, z; D. x, y, z; E. all of them.arrow_forwardWhich one of the following functional groups is not present in thecompound shownA. amine; B. aldehyde, C. ether; D. amide. E. ketonearrow_forward
- Which of the following formulas correspond to at least one compound inwhich resonance is important?w. C2H5N x. C3H5Br; y. C3H4; z. C4H6.A. w, x, y; B. x, y, z; C. w, x, z; D. w, y, z; E. all of themarrow_forwardPredict the product(s) that are formed after each step for reactions 1-4. In each case, consider formation of any chiral center(s) and draw all expected stereoisomers. 1) OH 1) HBr (SN2) 2) NaOH, heat 3) BH3, THF 4) H2O2, NaOH 2) OH 1) SOCI 2, py 2) NaOEt 3) Br2, H₂O 3) OH 1) H2SO4 conc. 2) HBr, ROOR 3) KOtBu 4) OH 1) TsCl, py 2) NaOEt 3) 03 4) DMSarrow_forwardWhich of the following rings has the least strain in its most stableconformation?A. Cyclobutane; B. Cyclopentane; C. Cyclohexane; D. Cycloheptane;E. Cyclooctanearrow_forward
- The number of different carbon skeletons that have a main chain of 9carbons and an ethyl branch isA 3; B. 4; C. 5; D. 6; E. 7arrow_forwardQ5: Classify the following pair of molecules as constitutional isomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, the same molecule, or completely different molecules. Br O CI Br OH OH 111 Br .!!!/Br F OH and ...m Br Br OH CI Br OH ་་་་་" ། ་arrow_forwardConsidering only rotation around the 1-2 bond, how many differentstaggered conformations are there of 1,2-dibromo-1,2-dichloropropane?A: 2; B. 3; C. 4; D. 6; E. more than 6.arrow_forward
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