Information Security : The securing process of the confidential data in a system or an organization from the unauthorized users like hackers or attacker is known as information security. Top-down Approach: Top-down approach is the division of system into sub systems which are done to gain the information effectively. In this, every first level sub system will have more authority than its next level sub system. Though the top level system and bottom level sub systems are not connected directly but they will have the contact through the other middle level sub systems. Bottom-up Approach: Bottom-up approach is the centralization of sub systems to a single system in order to maintain the data potently. In this, every low level sub system will have more authority than it’s above level sub system. Both the bottom and top level sub systems are connected indirectly through the middle level subsystems.

Question

Benefits of using arrays as instance variables: What are the advantages of incorporating arrays as instance variables within a class? Initializing and managing arrays: How do you initialize and manage arrays within class constructors and mutators (setters)? Example of using arrays as instance variables: Share an example where you have used arrays as instance variables and discuss its application in a real-world scenario. Common mistakes with arrays as instance variables: What are some common mistakes to avoid when working with arrays as instance variables? Information hiding violations: What is the potential violation of information hiding when using arrays as instance variables? How can this be resolved?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 11RQ

Program Plan Intro

Information Security:

The securing process of the confidential data in a system or an organization from the unauthorized users like hackers or attacker is known as information security.

Top-down Approach:

Top-down approach is the division of system into sub systems which are done to gain the information effectively.

In this, every first level sub system will have more authority than its next level sub system.

Though the top level system and bottom level sub systems are not connected directly but they will have the contact through the other middle level sub systems.

Bottom-up Approach:

Bottom-up approach is the centralization of sub systems to a single system in order to maintain the data potently.

In this, every low level sub system will have more authority than it’s above level sub system.

Both the bottom and top level sub systems are connected indirectly through the middle level subsystems.

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Benefits of using arrays as instance variables: What are the advantages of incorporating arrays as instance variables within a class? Initializing and managing arrays: How do you initialize and manage arrays within class constructors and mutators (setters)? Example of using arrays as instance variables: Share an example where you have used arrays as instance variables and discuss its application in a real-world scenario. Common mistakes with arrays as instance variables: What are some common mistakes to avoid when working with arrays as instance variables? Information hiding violations: What is the potential violation of information hiding when using arrays as instance variables? How can this be resolved?

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