ESSENTIALS OF ECONOMICS
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781260225334
Author: SCHILLER
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Question
Chapter 1, Problem 10P
To determine
(a)
To find: The other goods provided when maximum health care is provided.
To determine
(b)
To calculate: The
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B.You are interested in the relationship between health and income at individual level. If you had no practical, financial, or ethical constraints, how would you determine if education had a causal impact on health at?
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a. Provide definitions of “sustainable development”: first, according to the Brundtland Commission (1987) and second, according to how most economists would define it.
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1. Using three (3) illustrations, explain the concepts of disparities in health determinants and health outcomes.
2. In economics, efficiency is a critical concept in assessing the most effective utilization of resources. Discuss three types of economic efficiencies. Can efficiency reduce disparities in health determinants and health outcomes? If so, how?
3. Beyond efficiency, discuss four (4) ways the concepts of ethics and equity are applied to address health disparities.
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- Discuss the probable consequences of government regulation and market competition on the operation and performance of the health care industry. Question - Which of the following is not a basic question that must be answered as a result of scarcity? a. Who should decide the amount of money spent on medical goods and services?* b. Who should receive the medical goods and services that are produced? c. What mix of nonmedical and medical goods and services should be produced in the macroeconomy? d. What specific health care resources should be used to produce the chosen medical goods and services? e. What mix of medical goods and services should be produced in the health economy?arrow_forwardPlease answer and show complete solution. Thank you!arrow_forward1.In health care, which of the following factors determine the position of a cost curve? a. Case mix and severity of cases treated b. Quality of care provided c. The technology used d. Amount of fixed factors employed in the production process e. The incentive system the provider is usingarrow_forward
- Suppose the government imposes a system of price ceilings in the health care industry as part of an overall health care reform bill. a) draw a graph of the health care market and show equilibrium price and quantity. b) assume the government imposes an effective price ceiling in the health care market. Show the price ceiling in your graph. Indicate what will happen to quantity demanded and quantity supplied of health over time ? c) would a shortage or surplus result ? I llustrate in your graph.arrow_forward1. If you are trying to use a RDD setup to evaluate the effect of health insurance on health, and you qualify for a health insurance subsidy if your family income is below $20,000. What's the running variable? What's treatment, and what's the outcome?arrow_forwardThere are many ways to define and measure the benefits and costs that go into the GPI. How do you think a person with a biocentric worldview would measure these differently from a person with an anthropocentric worldview? Whose GPI for the year 2005 would likely be higher?arrow_forward
- 1. Payment for health services in most low-income countries comes from: Group of answer choices Cash Taxes Microloans Individual insurance 2. Foreign aid makes up what percent of theU.S. national budget? 3. A _______ usually has clear goals and defined end dates. 4. Addressing the issue of world hunger is the primary function of which UN agency? 5. Garrett argues that instead of stovepiping global health funds, we should focus on which goals? Group of answer choices Preventing HIV and TB Increasing global funding for medical research and technology Increasing maternal survival and overall life expectancy Creating additional NGOs to address issues in developing countriesarrow_forwardWeigh the pros and cons. How would changing Medicaid financing to a block grant or per capita cap be an advantage or disadvantage for millions of low-income children and adult participants?arrow_forward6. Suppose a government agency improves well quality from wo to wi at a cost of C, and observes an improvement in health from ho to hị, and it places a value V on this health improvement. (Don't worry about how one could come up with a valuation V, let's just assume that this value is correct.) Is it correct to think that the net benefit from this program is V - C? When might this be an overstatement of the utility gains? When might it be an understatement? When might it be approximately correct? Hint: this depends on b and p.arrow_forward
- There is considerable evidence that societies that spend more on social services – housing, income support, food, transportation, built environment, community safety – spend less on health care, all other things equal. Why might this be true? a. After spending so much on social services, there is simply less to go around for health care. b. Much of health care spending occurs because people are lonely and desperate for someone to talk to, and health professional have to let them in the door. c. The “finding” is an illusion, some countries mask health spending within the social sector and vice versa. d. Stronger social environments enable people to be healthier and more resilient without health system intervention.arrow_forwardBriefly describe ( a) “play or pay,” (b ) tax credits and vouchers, and ( c) national health insurance as means of increasing access to health care. What are the major criticisms of national health insurance?arrow_forwardQUESTION 5 The tools of health economics are irrelevant to emerging economies’ health systems because: a. Government necessarily plays a huge role there since so many citizens are poor b. They just need to worry about infectious disease for the next 10 years c. Health economics is only useful when private insurances is involved and there is little to none in these countries d. None of the above, health economics tools are useful to any society facing tradeoffs.arrow_forward
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