Chapter 0, Problem 1PE

Using the chapter titles alone, assign one or two of chemistry’s big ideas to each chapter and explain why you made your choice.¹

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Using the titles of the chapters, one or two big ideas of chemistry to each chapter are to be assigned and explained.

Concept Introduction:

Chemistry plays an important role in our daily life.

The important concepts of chemistry are energy changes, periodic properties, atomic theory, nuclear stability and so on.

Answer to Problem 1PE

Solution:

Scientific measurements: The matter and its classification.

Elements, compounds and the Periodic Table: Arrangement of elements in the periodic table.

The mole and Stoichiometry: The mole concept and stoichiometry of chemical equations.

Molecular view of Reactions in Aqueous Solution: Molarity.

Oxidation-Reduction Reactions: Balancing the Reactions.

Energy and Chemical change: Energy transfer and energy transformation.

The Quantum Mechanical Atom: Electromagnetic radiations.

The basics of Chemical bonding: Energy change in chemical bonding.

Theories of bonding and structure: Molecular geometry

Properties of Gases: Ideal gas law.

Intermolecular Attractions and the properties of liquids and solids: Intermolecular forces.

Mixtures at the Molecular level, Properties of solutions: Solution properties.

Chemical Kinetics: Rate law.

Chemical Equilibrium: Le Chatelier’s principle

Acids and Bases, A molecular look: Acid-base Chemistry.

Acid-Base Equilibria in Aqueous solutions: $pH$ value.

Solubility and Simultaneous Equilibria: Solubility.

Thermodynamics: Transformation of thermal energy.

Electrochemistry: Conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy.

Nuclear Reactions and Their Role in Chemistry: Conversion of Mass into Energy.

Metal Complexes: Crystal Field Theory.

Organic Compounds, Polymers, and Bio chemicals: Properties of the polymer.

Explanation of Solution

Scientific measurements: The study of matter and its classification is the main concern before getting an insight of the chemistry aspects involves in the universe and without careful measurements, no one come to conclusion about what is exactly happening.

Elements, compounds and the Periodic Table: The basic building blocks of the universe are atoms. The arrangement of all the elements in a table is a big contribution to the study of chemistry. The arrangement of the periodic tables helps a lot in the study of different elements in a well-defined manner.

The mole and Stoichiometry: Any observable sample of matter contains a large number of atoms. The study of the involvement of atoms in a chemical reaction knowledge of moles is a must.

Molecular view of Reactions in Aqueous Solution: the molarity concept is widely used in the formation of solutions. To study the rate of reaction molarity plays a big role.

Oxidation-Reduction Reactions: A balanced chemical reaction always provides the correct result. The knowledge of balancing of Redox reactions provides a tool to balance any chemical reaction in the chemistry.

Energy and Chemical change: Any chemical or physical change involves the transformation of energy from one form to another. The knowledge of energy transformation helps in optimized use of energy.

The Quantum Mechanical Atom: Energy can also be transferred in the form of radiation. What happens when atoms change their energy states conceptualize the idea of electromagnetic radiation emission.

The basics of Chemical bonding: The energy involves in chemical bond formation gives crucial information which can be used to calculate the theoretical amount of energy required for the formation of other compounds.

Theories of bonding and structure: The relative orientation of molecular bonds and their structures defines the substance whether it is a solid or liquid or a gas. The knowledge of structure further used to understand chemical bonding between different molecules.

Properties of Gases: In the practical world gases exhibit their real behavior which possesses some deviation from ideality. To study that deviation ideal gas is the base.

Intermolecular Attractions and the properties of liquids and solids: on the basis of intermolecular forces state of matter is defined. Molecules of solid possess strong intermolecular forces as compared to liquids.

Mixtures at the Molecular level, Properties of solutions: In daily life, there is immense use of different solutions at their respective places. The change in properties of a solution helps a lot in their usability.

Chemical Kinetics: The rate law helps in prediction how fast a chemical reaction can proceed, time is taken by a reactant to convert itself into the product.

Chemical Equilibrium: By changing the system’s parameters an equilibrium can be altered in the desired direction.

Acids and Bases, A molecular look: Acid-base chemistry helps to understand the formation of ions and to detect the nature of substances used in daily life.

Acid-Base Equilibria in Aqueous solutions: $pH$ scale is the scale which plays an important role in segregation of Acidic solution from the Basic one.

Solubility and Simultaneous Equilibria: solubility of a substance provides the limit for a solute dissolving in a solvent. which can be changed as per requirement by varying factors affecting solubility such as Temperature.

Thermodynamics: Conversion of energy into work and heat effectively is the main concern of today's’ energy-demanding world.

Electrochemistry: The conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy is important to full fill our daily life needs.

Nuclear Reactions and Their Role in Chemistry: The researchers are putting their enormous efforts in obtaining the maximum amount of energy from the specific mass.

Metal Complexes: Properties of Metal complexes are well based on crystal field theory.

Organic Compounds, Polymers, and Bio chemicals: In these days research in polymer chemistry is in boom due to properties of different polymers. Polymers have great use in engineering as well as domestic applications.

Conclusion

Chemistry is an essential part of everyday life.