You wish to test the following claim (H1H1) at a significance level of α=0.05α=0.05. For the context of this problem, d=x2−x1d=x2-x1 where the first data set represents a pre-test and the second data set represents a post-test.       Ho:μd=0Ho:μd=0       H1:μd<0H1:μd<0

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You wish to test the following claim (H1H1) at a significance level of α=0.05α=0.05. For the context of this problem, d=x2−x1d=x2-x1 where the first data set represents a pre-test and the second data set represents a post-test.

      Ho:μd=0Ho:μd=0
      H1:μd<0H1:μd<0

You believe the population of difference scores is normally distributed, but you do not know the standard deviation. You obtain the following sample of data:

pre-test post-test
47.2 -2.7
45.4 34.9
27.6 15.1
43.3 92.7
41.3 -21.2
15.5 8.4
32.4 28.7
55.3 53.8
45.7 54.7
33.2 56.4
27.6 17.1
30.8 5.9
46.8 14.6
45.4 8.6
43 25.8
50 17
32 36.6
33.6 -22.7



What is the test statistic for this sample? (Report answer accurate to three decimal places.) 
test statistic =  

What is the p-value for this sample? (Report answer accurate to four decimal places.) 
p-value =  

The p-value is... 

  • less than (or equal to) αα
  • greater than αα

This test statistic leads to a decision to... 

  • reject the null
  • accept the null
  • fail to reject the null

As such, the final conclusion is that... 

  • There is sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the mean difference of post-test from pre-test is less than 0.
  • There is not sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the mean difference of post-test from pre-test is less than 0.
  • The sample data support the claim that the mean difference of post-test from pre-test is less than 0.
  • There is not sufficient sample evidence to support the claim that the mean difference of post-test from pre-test is less than 0.
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