You are visiting the Dzantik'l Heeni nature reserve, outside Junea, Alaska. Use the illustration from the trail guide to decide which forest to hike to see the greatest variety of BIRD species. D ΚΕΥ 65 1 upliet sproces O 1968 Cut O Uplift Spruces O 1943 Cut THE FORESTS OF OZANTIK'I HEENI Old Growi DRA Carested wetland M68 cut 1943 cut flood plain sprace forest upland growth

Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
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Chapter54: Community Ecology
Section54.1: Community Structure And Functioning
Problem 3C: Which principle of community ecology is illustrated by the following example: Two closely related...
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You are visiting the Dzántik'i Héeni nature reserve, outside Juneau, Alaska. Use the illustration from the trail guide to decide which forest to hike to see the greatest variety of bird species.

### Diagram Explanation:
The illustration depicts various types of forests found within Dzántik'i Héeni, showing differences in tree height and density. These forest types are:

- **Uplift Spruces:** Characterized by smaller, younger trees.
- **Forested Wetland:** Shows a medium density and height, consisting of wetland-adapted trees.
- **1968 Cut:** A section previously logged, featuring regrowth and smaller trees.
- **1943 Cut:** Slightly older regrowth than the 1968 Cut, showing taller trees.
- **Flood Plain Spruce Forest:** Features tall, mature trees typical of floodplain environments.
- **Upland Old Growth:** The tallest and densest, consisting of ancient, mature trees.

### Question:
Which forest type is highlighted as the best option for observing the greatest variety of bird species?

- Uplift Spruces
- 1968 Cut
- 1943 Cut
- **Old Growth** (selected)
Transcribed Image Text:You are visiting the Dzántik'i Héeni nature reserve, outside Juneau, Alaska. Use the illustration from the trail guide to decide which forest to hike to see the greatest variety of bird species. ### Diagram Explanation: The illustration depicts various types of forests found within Dzántik'i Héeni, showing differences in tree height and density. These forest types are: - **Uplift Spruces:** Characterized by smaller, younger trees. - **Forested Wetland:** Shows a medium density and height, consisting of wetland-adapted trees. - **1968 Cut:** A section previously logged, featuring regrowth and smaller trees. - **1943 Cut:** Slightly older regrowth than the 1968 Cut, showing taller trees. - **Flood Plain Spruce Forest:** Features tall, mature trees typical of floodplain environments. - **Upland Old Growth:** The tallest and densest, consisting of ancient, mature trees. ### Question: Which forest type is highlighted as the best option for observing the greatest variety of bird species? - Uplift Spruces - 1968 Cut - 1943 Cut - **Old Growth** (selected)
**Understanding Biodiversity Through Plant Communities**

**Questions:**

1. **Which community has the greatest species richness?**
   - Answer: The two communities have equal species richness.

2. **Which community has the greatest species evenness?**
   - Answer: Community B

3. **Which community has the greatest diversity?**
   - Answer: Community A

**Diagrams:**

- **Community A:**  
  This diagram illustrates a plant community with a variety of different tree species. The trees are different shapes and sizes, indicating a mix of species, with no single species dominating the landscape. This suggests greater diversity in terms of the presence of different types of species.

- **Community B:**  
  This diagram depicts a plant community with more uniformity in tree size and shape. The distribution of tree types appears more even, indicating a balance in the population sizes of each species. This community stands out for its species evenness, as no particular species appears overly abundant compared to others.

**Analysis:**

- **Species Richness** refers to the number of different species present. Both communities exhibit the same number of species.

- **Species Evenness** indicates how evenly the individuals are distributed among the species. Community B shows higher evenness, as each species is represented in similar numbers.

- **Diversity** is a combined measure of species richness and evenness. Community A, with its variety of species, is assessed to have greater overall diversity due to the broader representational variety of its species.
Transcribed Image Text:**Understanding Biodiversity Through Plant Communities** **Questions:** 1. **Which community has the greatest species richness?** - Answer: The two communities have equal species richness. 2. **Which community has the greatest species evenness?** - Answer: Community B 3. **Which community has the greatest diversity?** - Answer: Community A **Diagrams:** - **Community A:** This diagram illustrates a plant community with a variety of different tree species. The trees are different shapes and sizes, indicating a mix of species, with no single species dominating the landscape. This suggests greater diversity in terms of the presence of different types of species. - **Community B:** This diagram depicts a plant community with more uniformity in tree size and shape. The distribution of tree types appears more even, indicating a balance in the population sizes of each species. This community stands out for its species evenness, as no particular species appears overly abundant compared to others. **Analysis:** - **Species Richness** refers to the number of different species present. Both communities exhibit the same number of species. - **Species Evenness** indicates how evenly the individuals are distributed among the species. Community B shows higher evenness, as each species is represented in similar numbers. - **Diversity** is a combined measure of species richness and evenness. Community A, with its variety of species, is assessed to have greater overall diversity due to the broader representational variety of its species.
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