You are concerned that nausea may be a side effect of Tamiflu, but you cannot just give Tamiflu to patients with the flu and say that nausea is a side effect if people become nauseous. This is because nausea is common for people who have the flu. From past studies you know that about 34% of people who get the flu experience nausea. You collected data on 1926 patients who were taking Tamiflu to relieve symtoms of the flu, and found that 711 experienced nausea. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that the percentage of people who take Tamiflu for the relief of flu symtoms and experience nausea is greater than 34%.
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- The well-known psychologist Dr. Elbod has established what he calls his Generalized Anxiety Scale (GAS). The GAS, which is a scale from 0 to 10, measures the "general anxiety" of an individual, with higher GAS scores corresponding to more anxiety. (Dr. Elbod's assessment of anxiety is based on a variety of measurements, both physiological and psychological.) We're interested in making predictions about individuals' sleep behavior based on their GAS scores. The bivariate data below give the GAS score (denoted by x) and the number of hours of sleep last night (denoted by y) for each of the fifteen adults participating in a study. A scatter plot of the data is shown in Figure 1. Also given is the product of the GAS score and the sleep time for each of the fifteen adults. (These products, written in the column labelled "xy", may aid in calculations.) GAS score, x 00 2.1 3.6 8.0 3.8 7.0 9.1 5.0 5.9 9.1 1.5 6.5 4.0 3.0 8.0 Sleep time, y (in hours) 8.2 7.4 1.0 Send data to calculator 7.4 8.4…Step 1 A major health study indicated that there's a birth month effect for schizophrenia. If a child is born during a certain month, he or she has a significantly higher chance of developing schizophrenia later in life, however, the chance of developing schizophrenia only increases by 1 in 10 million. Step 2 Based on what you know about t-tests, how can there be a significant difference for that particular month when there's such a small increase in the chances of developing schizophrenia?A hypothetical study looks at the effect of drinking alcohol on health. Across all genders and age groups, people who do not drink tend to be healthier on average than people who do drink. However, people who drink regularly are on average healthier than those people who have recently stopped drinking. Is it reasonable to conclude that for the sake of health, we should not start drinking, but if we have already started drinking alcohol, it is healthier to continue and not to stop?
- Scientists are interested in the placebo effect on adults with arthritis. They randomly choose 15 adults with arthritis and give them 2 treatments: effective drug and placebo for 1 week at different times. At the end of each week, the scientists ask the participants to rate their arthritic pain level on a scale of 1-5, where 1 is little pain and 5 is a lot of pain. The researchers then take the difference of their pain levels (affective drug - placebo). The data are below. 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, -1, 3, 1, 2, -1, 0, 1, -2, -1, -6 (a) Find the 5-number summary for the difference of arthritic pain levels. Minimum = Q₁ = Median = USE SALT Q3 = Maximum = (b) One of the conditions for inference for population mean difference of paired data is normality. Outliers within a data set cast a shadow of doubt upon the normality of the population distribution. Use the 5-number summary calculated in part (a) to determine if there are any outliers in the data set. Which of the values, if any, is an outlier…Statistical studies have repeatedly shown that about 85% of all bicyclists where helmets. Further studies reveal that about 80% of those wearing helmets do not have head injuries. We do not have any data as to whether those who wear helmets are more safety conscious and therefore have fewer accidents. We do know that about 20% of those who do not wear helmets also experience no head injuries. That’s all the data we have. Mr. X was in a bicycle accident and suffered a head injury. (we do not know anything else, so do not try to factor in all sorts of possible scenarios). Given the above information what is the probability that Mr. X was wearing a helmet? H = Mr. X was wearing a helmetE = head injury The prior, p(H) = .85 Why? What does that figure represent?What is p(~H)?What is p(E|H)?What is p(E|~H)? Using Bayes’s formula what is the p(H|E)?(display the formula), and..Explain which way the final probability (the posterior) was revised…up or down. Why?A researcher hypothesizes that different colors of cars result in different average speeds. To test this claim, she took a random sample of 20 people who own 4 different colors of colors of cars (n = 20, N = 80, G = 4), and she then tracks their average speed on the highway for a week of driving. The following ANOVA table has some of her results. Please help her answer her research questions by completing the following ANOVA table below and answering the follow-up questions. Be sure to label your answers with the appropriate letter and show all your work! Source Sums of Squares df Mean Square F Effect (between) Error (within) 100.90 ------ Total 170.10 ------- ------ a) What is the Sums of Squares (SS) between (effect)? b) What are the Mean Square (MS) between (effect) and the MS within (error)? c) What are the degrees of freedom (df) between, the df within, and the df total? d) What is the overall F-statistic? e) Based on the…
- Some commercial airlines recirculate about half the air in the cabin during flights as a way to improve fuel efficiency. Other airlines make a policy of NOT recirculating the air and instead, have fresh air from the atmosphere constantly being inserted into the cabin with the “old” air being pumped out of the plane. A total of 1100 passengers flying from San Francisco to Denver were used for an experiment. After their flight, they were each given a list of symptoms associated with the common cold. They were asked to report if they experienced cold symptoms within 24 hours of the flight landing. Of the 517 passengers who flew on planes that recirculate the air, 108 reported post-flight cold symptoms. Of the 583 passengers who flew on airlines that do not use recirculation in the cabin, 110 reported symptoms. Suppose now that we want to use the recirculation of air data to explore “Goal #2”, which is to resolve a hypothesis test about . a) If we want to resolve this hypothesis…According to a 2006 survey conducted by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), birth rates peak slightly between July and October each year. While a slight numerical increase in birth rates is often observed, this difference is assumed to be statistically non-significant. Thus, we would expect to see an equal number of people born during each month of the year in the United States. The "Birth Data.jasp" contains the birth months for 1380 babies (N = 1380) born during the year 2006 in the United States collected by the CDC. Conduct a Chi-Square Goodness of Fit Test at α = 0.05, to see if the number of babies born each month “fits” with the CDC’s assumptions about the population. Identify the correct null hypothesis. A. H0: The number of babies born throughout the year is equal across all 12 months B. H0: The number of babies born during the summer months is greater than the number of babies born during the rest of the year C. HA: The number of babies born in…Question 2 Is the proportion of wildfires caused by humans in the south different from the proportion of wildfires caused by humans in the west? 380 of the 550 randomly selected wildfires looked at in the south were caused by humans while 404 of the 572 randomly selected wildfires looked at the west were caused by humans. What can be concluded at the a = 0.01 level of significance? a. For this study, we should use Select an answer b. The null and alternative hypotheses would be: Ho: Select an answer Select an answer Select an answer v (please enter a decimal) H: Select an answer v Select an answer V Select an answer |(Please enter a decimal) c. The test statistic (please show your answer to 3 decimal places.) d. The p-value = e. The p-value is ? a f. Based on this, we should Select an answer g. Thus, the final conclusion is that ... (Please show your answer to 4 decimal places.) the null hypothesis. O The results are statistically insignificant at a = 0.01, so there is insufficient…
- You are concerned that nausea may be a side effect of Tamiflu, but you cannot just give Tamiflu to patients with the flu and say that nausea is a side effect if people become nauseous. This is because nausea is common for people who have the flu.Past studies state that about 33% of people who get the flu experience nausea. You collected data on 2248 patients who were taking Tamiflu to relieve symtoms of the flu, and found that 810 experienced nausea. You decide to carry out a simulation to test the claim that the percentage of people who take Tamiflu for the relief of flu symtoms and experience nausea is greater than 33%.a) Identify the null and alternative hypotheses.H0H0: ? p = p ≠ p < p > p ≤ p ≥ μ = μ ≠ μ < μ > μ ≤ μ ≥ H1H1: ? p = p ≠ p < p > p ≤ p ≥ μ = μ ≠ μ < μ > μ ≤ μ ≥A psychologist conducted a survey of the attitude towards the sustainability of American energy consumption with 250250 randomly selected individuals several years ago. The psychologist believes that these attitudes have changed over time. To test this he randomly selects 250250 individuals and asks them the same questions. Can the psychologist confirm his theory that the attitudes have changed from the first survey to the second survey? Attitude 1st Survey 2nd Survey Optimistic 50%50% 52%52% Slightly Optimistic 16%16% 10%10% Slightly Pessimistic 11%11% 15%15% Pessimistic 23%23% 23%23% Copy Data Step 6 of 10 : Find the value of the test statistic. Round your answer to three decimal places. Step 7 of 10: Find the degrees of freedom associated with the test statistic for this problem Step 8 of 10: Find the critical value of the test at the 0.025 level of significance. Round your answer to three decimal places.step 9 of 10: make the decision to reject or fail to reject…The well-known psychologist Dr. Elbod has established what he calls his Generalized Anxiety Scale (GAS). The GAS, which is a scale from 0 to 10, measures the "general anxiety" of an individual, with higher GAS scores corresponding to more anxiety. (Dr. Elbod's assessment of anxiety is based on a variety of measurements, both physiological and psychological.)We're interested in making predictions about individuals' sleep behavior based on their GAS scores. The bivariate data below give the GAS score (denoted by x) and the number of hours of sleep last night (denoted by y) for each of the fifteen adults in a study. The least-squares regression line for these data has equation Ŷ=8.48-0.28x This line, along with a scatter plot of the sample data, is shown below. (The 2nd picture contains the rest of the data as it would not fit in the first pic and it includes the question as well.)