You are a veterinarian’s assistant for the summer and are helping with a minor surgery on a cow. She has asked you to sterilize a scalpel and a hemostat by boiling them for 30 minutes. You boil them as ordered and then quickly transfer the instruments to a well-insulated tray containing 200 grams of sterilized water at room temperature (23◦C) which is just enough to cover the instruments. After a few minutes the instruments and water will come to the same temperature, but will they be safe to hand to your friend without being burned? You are both wearing surgical rubber gloves, but they are very thin. You know that both the 50-gram scalpel and the 70-gram hemostat are made from steel which has a specific heat of 450 J/kg ◦C.

You are a veterinarian’s assistant for the summer and are helping with a minor surgery on a cow. She has asked you to sterilize a scalpel and a hemostat by boiling them for 30 minutes. You boil them as ordered and then quickly transfer the instruments to a well-insulated tray containing 200 grams of sterilized water at room temperature (23◦C) which is just enough to cover the instruments. After a few minutes the instruments and water will come to the same temperature, but will they be safe to hand to your friend without being burned? You are both wearing surgical rubber gloves, but they are very thin. You know that both the 50-gram scalpel and the 70-gram hemostat are made from steel which has a specific heat of 450 J/kg ◦C.

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