www Fish Amphibians Reptiles Egg shells Eukaryotes Vertebrae Birds Four limbs Rodents Amniotic egg Primates Hair / fur

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Egg shells would be an example of an:

I) autapomorphy            
II) plesiomorphy            
III) synapomorphy            
IV) symplesiomorphy

www.m
Fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Egg shells
Eukaryotes
Vertebrae
Birds
Four limbs
Rodents
Amniotic egg
Primates
Hair / fur
Transcribed Image Text:www.m Fish Amphibians Reptiles Egg shells Eukaryotes Vertebrae Birds Four limbs Rodents Amniotic egg Primates Hair / fur
Expert Solution
Step 1

Introduction :

Plesiomorphy refers to an evolutionary character homologous within a particular clade but, not unique to all members of that particular clade. E.g legs in the reptiles and amphibians. 

Synapomorphy : A characteristic present in an ancestral species and shared exclusively (in more or less modified form) by its evolutionary descendants. The presence of the same number of vertebrae in the necks of mammals and giraffes. Hence, this shows that these have a common ancestor. 

Symplesiomorphy : An ancestral character(trait) shared by two or more taxa. Example is the presence of a vertebral column in mammals and other vertebrates. 

 

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