write a program called hw6.py that enables you to encrypt messages using a substitution cipher.
Q: For the following question, use the mapping given in the table. A B C D E F G H I J S Z D U F R B K…
A: Modular Math and The shift Cipher The Caesar Cipher is a type of shift cipher. Shift Ciphers work by…
Q: A Caesar cipher is a simple substitution cipher based on the idea of shifting each letter of the…
A: Caesar cipher is the simplest encryption and decryption technique in which we use a key to encrypt…
Q: 3. Let (M, C, e, d, K) denote the affine cipher with Σ = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12,…
A:
Q: In the Affine Cipher, To decrypt a message, we use: O f(p) = (ap + b) mod 26, %3D O f(p) = (ap * b)…
A: The affine cipher is a type of monoalphabetic substitution cipher, where each letter in an alphabet…
Q: Suppose your RSA public key is PK: {n, e} = {13861, 37}. Your friend sends you a ciphertext C =…
A: a) n=13861(given)e=37n=p*qn=167*83 b) e=37(given) RSA uses the Euler φ function of n to calculate…
Q: source of randomness which can produce at least 264264 random bits before it repeats. What is the…
A: The answer is
Q: The Feistel cipher is a symmetric block cipher encryption framework which is the basis of many…
A: HDL code for fiestel cipher encryption
Q: Suppose you have a signature scheme S (which is correct and existentially unforgeable), and S can be…
A: We now apply Theorem 1 to the Waters signature which is based on CDH without random oracles. It is…
Q: Suppose your RSA public key is PK: {n, e} = {13861, 37}. Your friend sends you a ciphertext C =…
A: a) n=13861(given)e=37n=p*qn=167*83 b) e=37(given) RSA uses the Euler φ function of n to calculate…
Q: Explain the key stream generator (LFSR) given by the recurrence relation S+5 = (S + S+2 + Si43) mod…
A: Linear feedback shift register: A linear feedback shift register is a special type of recurrence…
Q: Suppose an attacker wants to break a cryptographic schemex (Gen, Enc, Dec). The attacker kow that…
A: attacker wants to break a cryptography scheme and attacker knows that for some message m and…
Q: Alice wants to securely send Bob an arbitrary number M from the set {0, 1, . . . , N − 1} for some…
A: Actually, given information: Alice wants to securely send Bob an arbitrary numberM from the set {0,…
Q: Suppose you generate the following RSA key pairs: • p = 37199 • q = 49031 • N = p · q = 1823904169 •…
A: To decrypt a given messages using RSA.
Q: A cryptography student has accidentally used the same keystream to encrypt two different messages,…
A: solution: In stream cipher: encryption: C= M XOR K ( where c= cipher m=message k =keystream)…
Q: Say you are given a hash function that produces a 224-bit digest, along with a message digest d.…
A: In both math and cryptography, given a capacity H from set A to set B, and a component b in B, a…
Q: Consider a cipher block with an 8-bit key. This cipher has how many input blocks? What is the total…
A: I Have answered this question in step 2.
Q: 2. When performing the simple ciphers of the text, we used modular arithmetic in Z26- What would be…
A: No. of english alphabet letters are 26, so, The value of N is 26 Because, if we use more than 26…
Q: Suppose that you have received the following encrypted message from your friend, ciphertext…
A:
Q: Now consider the opposite problem: using an encryption algorithm to construct a oneway hash…
A:
Q: Consider a plaintext consisting 1000 elements of {0,1,2,3}. The text is encrypted using a…
A: Consider a plaintext consisting 1000 elements of {0,1,2,3}. The text is encrypted using a…
Q: 6. A good block cipher has a 64-bit block size and uses 50-bit keys. How can we convert that in to a…
A: We can convert the above cipher to a strong block cipher with brute force strength of 2^150 by using…
Q: Let p = 359 and q = 499. Show how to create public and private keys of RSA encryption using these…
A: Answer : Asymmetric algorithem Asymmetric algorithm has two different keys public and private…
Q: Write a program that does the following: •Print a list of the license plate numbers of all cars that…
A: #read the filewith open("traffic input.txt",*r') as fp: lines = fp.readlines() speed_limit =…
Q: Imagine a cipher block via an 8-bit key. This cipher has how many input blocks? What is the total…
A: An 8-bit block cypher is provided.
Q: I want Examples on el gamal cipher i want 2 Examples like this Example of ElGamal…
A: Here i below given one example of el gamal cryptography , so here i write below one other example:…
Q: The Feistel cipher is a symmetric block cipher encryption framework which is the basis of many…
A: There is a part of the question pending and you have uploaded the same question twice. I will try…
Q: consider the affine cipher that transforms a message M into ciphertext C as (19 - M + 6) mod 31.…
A: Given ciphertext C to transform the message M. C = (19.M + 6) mod 31 Example : consider a value for…
Q: A summary of RSA algorithm is described on W10 Notes. Assume that the algorithm is used with p= 11,…
A: 1) Calculate value of n=p*q, where p and q are prime numbers.2)Calculate (n)=(p-1) *(q-1)3)Consider…
Q: code an easy hash function in python to create a message digest for X, then make an RSA algorithm…
A: Data encryption is a crucial practice wont to protect data transfer on the web . This helps prevent…
Q: Encrypt the animal name marmot using the letter to number correspondence abcdef 8hijk 1 m noparstuvw…
A: function:- n-> (n+1) mod 26 text to be encrypted :- marmot
Q: Suppose a message is 5000 bits long. If it is to be encrypted using a block cipher of 64 bits, find…
A: Cryptography — the science of secret writing — is associate degree ancient art; the primary…
Q: A good block cipher has a 64-bit block size and uses 50-bit keys. How can we convert that in to a…
A: We can convert the above cipher to a strong block cipher with brute force strength of 2^150 by using…
Q: The following system is proposed for securely communicating a 256-bit message m: A→B:i,m⊕h(i) That…
A: ANSWER:)
Q: In the RSA public-key encryption scheme, each user has a public key, e, and a private key, d.…
A: Lets see the solution in the next steps
Q: The notation from this problem is from Understanding Cryptography by Paar and Pelzl. We conduct a…
A: The plain text is given by 11110101, and the corresponding ciphertext is given by 10111100. By…
Q: If we invert all the bits of the input plaintext and invert all the bits of the key then AES will…
A: True, the S box in AES is built to produce multiplicative inverses.
Q: In the Elgamal encryption scheme, Bob's public key is fixed, but Alice uses a fresh random i e…
A: According to the question we have to explain What happens according to given scenario if Alice uses…
Q: Q-5: Using a one-time pad version of the Vigenere cipher, the key is a stream of random numbers…
A:
Q: A cryptography student has accidentally used the same keystream to encrypt two different messages,…
A: Actually, Cryptography can be defined as the conversion of data into a scrambled code that can be…
Q: The 141 cipher of an input string of letters changes the letters whose index is even (note: zero is…
A: NOTE - I have used the Python programming language. Here I have created the function named…
Q: In an RSA system, the public key (n,e) of a given user is (323, 11). 1. What is the value of the…
A: 1. What is the value of the exponent in the private key(n,d) of the user? 2. Suppose you want to…
Q: a) Write down a possible condition of factors p and q. p= q= b) What is your private key SK: {d}? d=…
A: a) n=13861(given)e=37n=p*qn=167*83 b) e=37(given) RSA uses the Euler φ function of n to calculate…
Q: Encrypt the message " MATH " by translating the letters into numbers and then applying the…
A: Assign a number to each letter: A=0,B=1,C=2,D=3,E=4,F=5,G=6,H=7,I=8,…
In a substitution cipher, we “encrypt” (i.e., conceal in a reversible way) a message by replacing every letter with another letter. To do so, we use a key: in this case, a mapping of each of the letters of the alphabet to the letter it should correspond to when we encrypt it. To “decrypt” the message, the receiver of the message would need to know the key, so that they can reverse the process: translating the encrypt text (generally called ciphertext) back into the original message (generally called plaintext).
A key, for example, might be the string NQXPOMAFTRHLZGECYJIUWSKDVB. This 26-character key means that A (the first letter of the alphabet) should be converted into N (the first character of the key), B (the second letter of the alphabet) should be converted into Q (the second character of the key), and so forth.
A message like HELLO, then, would be encrypted as FOLLE, replacing each of the letters according to the mapping determined by the key.
Let’s write a program called hw6.py that enables you to encrypt messages using a substitution cipher.
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
- def q5(sentence): Assumes sentence is a string. Returns a list of all the words in sentence, where a word is a token separated by white space, (you can use sentence.split()), and then for each word, make it lowercase and remove any character that is not alpha-numeric (a-z or 8-9). For example, I q5("The Plague" (French: "La Peste"), 1947, by Albert CamUs.') should return ['the', 'plague', 'french', 'la', 'peste', '1947', 'by', 'albert', 'camus'] q5('Red@Dragon....ca is great!') should return ['reddragonca', 'is', 'great'] passWord Separator Write a program that accepts as input a sentence in which all of the words are run together but the first character of each word is uppercase. Convert the sentence to a string in which the words are separated by spaces and only the first word starts with an uppercase letter. For example the string “StopAndSmellTheRoses.” would be converted to “Stop and smell the roses.” LINUX !#/bin/bashExpand positive integer intervals def expand_intervals(intervals): An interval of consecutive positive integers can be succinctly described as a string that contains its first and last value, inclusive, separated by a minus sign. (This problem is intentionally restricted to positive integers so that there will be no ambiguity between the minus sign character used as a separator and an actual unary minus sign tacked in front of a digit sequence.) For example, the interval that contains the numbers 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 can be more concisely described as '5-9'. Multiple intervals can be described together by separating their descriptions with commas. An interval that contains only one value is given as only that value.Given a string that contains one or more such comma-separated interval descriptions, guaranteed to be given in sorted ascending order and never overlap with each other, create and return the list that contains all the integers contained inside these intervals. In solving this…
- Expand positive integer intervals def expand_intervals(intervals): An interval of consecutive positive integers can be succinctly described as a string that contains its first and last value, inclusive, separated by a minus sign. (This problem is intentionally restricted to positive integers so that there will be no ambiguity between the minus sign character used as a separator and an actual unary minus sign tacked in front of a digit sequence.) For example, the interval that contains the numbers 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 can be more concisely described as '5-9'. Multiple intervals can be described together by separating their descriptions with commas. An interval that contains only one value is given as only that value.Given a string that contains one or more such comma-separated interval descriptions, guaranteed to be given in sorted ascending order and never overlap with each other, create and return the list that contains all the integers contained inside these intervals. In solving this…Target The aim of this work is to use control structures and loops. Read carefully the problem and understand what needs to be done. Read your description is given and when you understand how it works, then start designing its solution and its implementation on the computer applying the syntax and semantics of the language Java programming. Write a LongestDupSubstring.java program that accepts a string as input and compute and print the longest sub-string displayed in two times without overlap (see 5th example for overlap). If there are more from one of such sub-strings, the program displays the first one it finds as well the number of characters in the substring. If there is no substring that appears 2 times, then the program will not print anything. Execution examples (the user's input is red and the longer in length 2 substrings) 1 Example Give a string: again and again Longest substring: again Longest substring size: 5 2 Example Give a string: seven saints and seven dinners Longest…public String firstAndLast(String str) { //declare and create your first char //declare and create your second char //return your first and last char as a String }
- True/False 7. The split method breaks a string into a list of substrings, and j oin does the opposite.def swap_text(text): Backstory: Luffy wants to organize a surprise party for his friend Zoro and he wants to send a message to his friends, but he wants to encrypt the message so that Zoro cannot easily read it. The message is encrypted by exchanging pairs of characters. Description: This function gets a text (string) and creates a new text by swapping each pair of characters, and returns a string with the modified text. For example, suppose the text has 6 characters, then it swaps the first with the second, the third with the fourth and the fifth with the sixth character. Parameters: text is a string (its length could be 0)Return value: A string that is generated by swapping pairs of characters. Note that if the Examples: swap_text ("hello") swap_text ("Party for Zoro!") swap_text ("") def which_day(numbers): → 'ehllo'→ 'aPtr yof roZor!' → '' length of the text is odd, the last character remains in the same position.PART F: MIDDLE TWOGiven a string str, print out a string made of the middle two chars. Assume the string length is at least 2 and iseven.Methods to use: substring(), length()Testing cases: string => ri code => od Practice => ct ab => ab 0123456789 => 45
- String Matching): Write a program to use Horspool’s Algorithm to find the pattern in the string. You can define two variables called Text and Pattern. Please display shift table for that pattern and display the shift value for each step. If not match, display a message “Unsuccessful Search”. If match, display the index. For example, If Text =“BARD LOVED BANANAS” and Pattern=”BAOBAB”. The result will be: Shift Table: A=1, B=2, O=3, other=6 Shift 6, shift 2, shift 6, pattern not found If Text=”BARD LOVED BABAOBABANAS” and Pattern=”BAOBAB”. The result will be: Shift Table: A=1, B=2, O=3, other=6 Shift 6, shift 2, shift 2, shift 3, pattern found at position 13 Language preferred is pythonData structure & Algorithum. Java Program Write code that accomplishes the following tasks. Consider two bags that can hold strings. One bag is named letters and contain seeral one-letter strings. The other bag is empty and is namedvowels. One at a time removed a string from letters. If the string contain a vowel place it into bag vowels, otherwise, discard the string. After you have checked all of the strings in letters, report the number of vowels and the number of times each vowels appears in the bag.PART E: ROTATE LEFTGiven a string str, print out a rotated left 2 version where the first 2 chars are moved to the end. Assume thestring length will be at least 2.Methods to use: substring(), length(), concat()Testing cases: Hello => lloHe java => vaja Hi => Hi code => deco cat => tca 12345 => 34512 Chocolate => ocolateCh bricks => icksb