With the images attached please write 3 paragraphs1st paragraph: objective stated clearly2nd paragraph: complete condense method describe3rd paragraph: analysis explainedPlease please please answer everything it's very important please answer super super fastMake sure to write everything in 3 paragraphsDon’t forget get to write it in paragraphs OBJECTIVES(1.) To gain experience with the important method of visible spectrophotometry; and(2.) use this technique to determine the equilibrium constant for the formation of thecomplex FeSSA(aq) from Fe³+ (aq) and H₂SSA ¹aq).THEORYEXPERIMENT 4DETERMINATION OF AN EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANT BYSPECTROPHOTOMETRYAll chemical reactions move spontaneously towards an equilibrium state when thereactants are mixed in arbitrary concentrations. The equilibrium state for a giventemperature and pressure is reached when the concentrations of reactants and productsare no longer changing. However, when the system approaches and then attains theequilibrium state, there are two opposite processes taking place: the reactant moleculesare reacting to form products, and the product molecules are reacting in the reversedirection to form reactant molecules. At the final equilibrium state, the forward andreverse reactions are taking place at the same rate, so that there is no net change in theconcentrations of the products and reactants. Mathematically, when the system reachesequilibrium, the product of the molarities of the products raised to their stoichiometriccoefficients divided by the product of the molarities of the reactants raised to theirstoichiometric coefficients is equal to a constant, called the equilibrium constant, Keq,As a general example, consider the reaction:aA(aq) + bB(aq) cC(aq) + dD(aq)where A (aq) and B(aq) are reactants, C(aq) and D(aq) are product species, and a,b,c, andd are their respective stoichiometric coefficients in the balanced equation. Away fromequilibrium, the reaction quotient Q is defined as:[C] [D][A] [B]*K=where the brackets represent the molarity of a species. As the system approachesequilibrium, Q→Keq, and at equilibrium Q=Keq,(1)¸ [C]r₂^[D]c₂ª[A] [B](2)where the subscripts eq signify the final equilibrium molarities of each species. Keq has afixed value for any given temperature and pressure, but is independent of the molarity ofthe species present at equilibrium.6 METHODYour goal is to determine the equilibrium constant for reaction (4). In order to determineKeq experimentally, we must find the equilibrium molarities of each of the species[Fe³leq, [H₂SSA]eq, and [FeSSA]eq from solution mixtures that you will prepare asdescribed below. The Hydrogen ion concentration [H]eq may be assumed to remainconstant since its concentration is much higher than the other species present atequilibrium, and therefore is omitted from the Keq expression. In your lab notebookabstract, you should write out the equilibrium constant expression Keq for this reaction.The product FeSSA, absorbs visible light, while all other species present are essentiallycolorless. We can therefore determine the equilibrium molarity of the product speciesFeSSA by measuring its absorbance at an appropriate wavelength and using Beer's Law,as explained below. The equilibrium molarities of the other species will be determinedby using a reaction table, as you have done in homework problems and in class.Beer's Law. Beer's law is an empirical law stating that the concentration C (in moles perliter) of a chemical species in solution is directly proportional to its absorbance A:AxCwith the proportionality constant being a product of the pathlength and the molarabsorptivity & (a measure of how strongly the solution absorbs light of a givenwavelength)A - EICAxFor our experiments, I is fixed at 1.0 cm. Thus, a graph of the molarities vs. theabsorbances of various solutions (at a fixed appropriate wavelength) will yield a straightline, the slope of which may be determined either manually (by calculating frommeasured x and y values) or using a computer program such as Excel TM. Once the slopeis known, molarities of unknown solutions may be calculated from their measuredabsorbance values. You should be familiar with this method, as it was employed inchem. 1A.

The stated objectives can be summarized as follows:Objective (1): Gain Experience with Visible…

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10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...