Why isn't the share price of a long-lasting company like Johnson & Johnson extremely high to reflect centuries of future cash flows? Because the share price already reflects all future cash flows Because the company has too much debt Because the WACC erodes the value of longer-term cash flows
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- In a world without taxes or transaction costs, it can be argued that dividend policy is irrelevant for shareholder value and cash flow. With a no-dividend policy, the current price is and will remain $100.00 per share. With a high-dividend policy, the current price is $100.00 per share and the value falls to $95 per share upon payment of the dividend. Use the following example to demonstrate dividend policy irrelevance. No-dividend Policy High-dividend Policy 5,000 shares owned 5,000 shares owned $100.00 current price per share $100.00 current price per share $0.00 dividends per share $5.00 dividends per share $25,000 desired cash flow per year $25,000 desired cash flow per year8. Nonconstant growth stock As companies evolve, certain factors can drive sudden growth. This may lead to a period of nonconstant, or variable, growth. This would cause the expected growth rate to increase or decrease, thereby affecting the valuation model. For companies in such situations, you would refer to the variable, or nonconstant, growth model for the valuation of the company's stock. Consider the case of Portman Industries: Portman Industries just paid a dividend of $1.92 per share. The company expects the coming year to be very profitable, and its dividend is expected to grow by 16.00% over the next year. After the next year, though, Portman's dividend is expected to grow at a constant rate of 3.20% per year. Assuming that the market is in equilibrium, use the information just given to complete the table. Term Dividends one year from now (D₁) Horizon value (P₁) Intrinsic value of Portman's stock The risk-free rate (TRF) is 4.00%, the market risk premium (RPM) is 4.80%, and…thank you, what if instead of company is anticipating increasing its dividend it anticipated a decrease ?
- Which of the following statements about payout policy is FALSE? a. Share repurchases concentrate ownership in the hands of the remaining shareholders, making their shares worth more than they were before the repurchase. b. Firms should generally pay out no more than their free cash flow to equity, unless they are in the process of paying out a large cash balance. c. Dividends typically increase at a slower rate than earnings. d. Firms today return more cash to shareholders through repurchases than through dividends. e. Dividends are lower for firms that have higher growth rates.Companies are far more reluctant to cut dividend than to increase them. Why might this be the case? What are the implications for financial markets when firms announce that they will be cutting dividends?North Star is trying to determine its optimal capital structure, which now consists of only common equity. The firm will add debt to its capital structure if it minimizes its WACC, but the firm has no plans to use preferred stock in its capital structure. In addition, the firm’s size will remain the same, so funds obtained from debt issued will be used to repurchase stock. The percentage of shares repurchased will be equal to the percentage of debt added to the firm’s capital structure. (In other words, if the firm’s debt-to-capital ratio increases from 0 to 25%, then 25% of the shares outstanding will be repurchased.) North Star is a small firm with average sales of $25 million or less during the past 3 years, so it is exempt from the interest deduction limitation. Its treasury staff has consulted with investment bankers. On the basis of those discussions, the staff has created the following table showing the firm’s debt cost at different debt levels: Debt-to-Capital Ratio (Wd)…
- What are the factors that contribute to the temporary drop in a company's share price after a capital-raising plan is announced?As discussed in the text, in the absence of market imperfections and tax effects, we would expect the share price to decline by the amount of the dividend payment when the stock goes ex dividend. Once we consider the role of taxes, however, this is not necessarily true. One model has been proposed that incorporates tax effects into determining the ex-dividend price: (P0 – PX)/D = (1 – TP)/(1 – TG) Here P0 is the price just before the stock goes ex, PX is the ex-dividend share price, D is the amount of the dividend per share, TP is the relevant marginal personal tax rate on dividends, and TG is the effective marginal tax rate on capital gains. a. If TP = TG = 0, how much will the share price fall when the stock goes ex? multiple choice PX P0 D b. If TP = 16 percent and TG = 0, how much will the share price fall? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)…North Star is trying to determine its optimal capital structure, which now consists of only common equity. The firm will add debt to its capital structure if it minimizes its WACC, but the firm has no plans to use preferred stock in its capital structure. In addition, the firm’s size will remain the same, so funds obtained from debt issued will be used to repurchase stock. The percentage of shares repurchased will be equal to the percentage of debt added to the firm’s capital structure. (In other words, if the firm’s debt-to-capital ratio increases from 0 to 25%, then 25% of the shares outstanding will be repurchased.) North Star is a small firm with average sales of $25 million or less during the past 3 years, so it is exempt from the interest deduction limitation. Its treasury staff has consulted with investment bankers. On the basis of those discussions, the staff has created the following table showing the firm’s debt cost at different debt levels: Debt-to-Capital Ratio (Wd)…
- Explain why the following statement is wrong (1 paragraph maximum): "The main reason why some companies prefer to return cash to shareholders through stock repurchases, rather than dividends, is because repurchases reduce the number of share outstanding and thus tend to increase the stock price."True or False: Private equity investors can easily sell or exchange their investments for cash anytime? True or False: Private equity firms only invest in small companies? True or False: Everything else stays the same. If a company's gross debt amount increases, its equity value decreases?