Q: How is the blood typingconcerning the ABO systemand the Rh usually done?
A: Both, ABO blood group system and the Rh typing is done to determine the blood group system. The…
Q: Why is it that Rh incompatibility can be a serious problem when anRh-negative mother is carrying an…
A: Rhesus (Rh) factor is a type of protein that is found on the surface of red blood cells. If the…
Q: Explain the special concerns with the Rh factor as a blood type, the causes of hemolytic disease of…
A: Erythroblastosis Fetalis is a hemolytic anemia in the fetus or neonate that is caused by the…
Q: A person has two non-functional copies of the BLM gene. What is the inheritance pattern of this…
A: BLM gene encodes a protein that is involved in stabilizing DNA during replication. When this protein…
Q: Is ABO blood typing accurate?
A: Blood typing is used to know a person's blood group. Which is done for safe blood transfusion. It…
Q: Match the following terms of B-cell development with the best definition. Surrogate light chain…
A: The immune system of the body is the vital system that provides protection to the body against…
Q: What are possible Rh genotype/s (using Weiner nomenclature) for SC1 and ID1?
A: There are four possible Rh genotypes that can be determined using Weiner nomenclature: SC1, ID1, Cc,…
Q: Why is IgM particularly effective at cross-linking antigens?
A: Antigens can be defined as the substances that is responsible for triggering the immune response…
Q: What is the difference between ABO blood group and Rh factor?
A: ABO blood group Rh factor The two types of antigens namely antigen A and antigen B are present…
Q: A woman who is Rh- mates with a man who is Rh+. Since the Rh+ is dominant, what would the fetus's Rh…
A: Rh system of blood The Rh factor are present in the blood of animals like monkeys, humans etc.…
Q: How does a person become sensitized to Rh factor?
A: Rh factor It is also known as Rhesus factor, it present on the membrane of RBC. If Rh factor…
Q: Explain why the passive transfer of antibodies is of greatimportance for the newborn.
A: Passive immunity is antibodies given to babies rather than making them by their own body. Antibodies…
Q: Why is Rh incompatibility rare today?
A: The harmony between the mother and the fetus is essential for the overall health of mother and…
Q: Under what conditions might a person with Rh- blood develop Rh antibodies? Why can Rh+ blood be…
A: Rh Antigen - It contains proteins on the surface of red blood cells. For example - A+ve blood…
Q: Discuss why Rh incompatibility is only a problem when afetus is Rh-positive and the mother is…
A: Rhesus factor (Rh- factor) is a specific protein localized on the blood cells. It may or may not be…
Q: Why is Beta-HCG being detected in pregnancy testing kits instead of Alpha-HCG?
A: hCG is a dimer consisting of a 145 amino acid beta-subunit that is unique to hCG and a 92 amino acid…
Q: If a wonan was Rh negative as wellas her fetus, would this cause a risk of fetal hemolytic disease…
A:
Q: What does MHC-restricted mean?
A: The antigen is known as any substance that is responsible for causing our immune system to produce…
Q: Why is it recommended that women are routinely screened for STIs, but not men?
A: Sexually transmitted infections or sexually transmitted diseases commonly abbreviated as STIs or…
Q: Why do individuals produce an immune response the first time they encounter the A or B antigen as an…
A: The immune system reacts to antigens by producing special cells called antibodies.
Q: Which of the following disorders arises from translocation events? Huntington’s disease Burkitt…
A: Translocation is caused due to separation of a chromosome segment and its union toa nonhomologous…
Q: What is the Rh typing ofthe mother and of the fetus inthe hemolytic disease of thenewborn?
A: Apart from the ABO blood group typing, the blood is also grouped according to the presence or…
Q: What are examples for natural resistance, chromosomal resistance, and extrachromosomal resistance?
A: To resist the drug, bacteria do not specifically change itself to survive. Mostly random mutations…
Q: Define the hemolytic disease of the newborn and Rh incompatibility.
A: Blood group antigens are sugar or protein molecules. They are attached to the membrane of the red…
Q: How do some of the antibodies convert from IgM to IgG to enable them cross the placenta
A: Immunoglobulins are Y-shaped proteins that are produced by the plasma cells as a part of an immune…
Q: How can the hemolyticdisease of the newborn beprevented?
A: Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) is also called erythroblastosis fetalis. In these diseases,…
Q: How does a baby inherit Rh+ blood from an Rh− mother?
A: Rh factor or Rhesus factor is a protein present on the surface of red blood cells. Red blood cell…
Q: Why would it be necessary for an Rh− woman who has had anabortion, miscarriage, or an ectopic…
A: In humans, the blood group is categorized into four groups are A, B, AB, and O. These blood groups…
Q: Hemolytic disease of new born maternal fetal ABO incompatibility occurs more frequently as a result…
A: There are three systems of blood typing in humans, ABO, Rhesus and MN blood types.
Q: Explain the difference between anti-A/anti-B antibodies and anti-Rh antibodies in terms of their…
A: Transfusions of blood in people were unsafe techniques until the disclosure of the significant human…
Q: Why do sons of haemophilic father never suffer from this trait?
A: Haemophilia is an inherited genetic disorder, which impairs the ability of the body to stop bleeding…
Q: Why is maternal milkimportant for the immuneprotection of the baby?
A: A defense system in the body of an individual which constitutes a complex network of cells and…
Q: What is a person's phenotype if a person had the gene pair of IAIB? What is the genotype? What are…
A: The ABO blood group and The factor both are genetically regulated. The ABO locus in human is located…
Q: How does the immune process that causes hemolytic disease of the newborn take place?
A: Introduction In this question we will discuss about how does the immune process that causes…
Q: What is the role of histocompatibility antigens in humans and where are they located?
A: Any substance that stimulates the immune response called an antigen (Ag). It stimulates the immune…
Q: What are some clinical examples of type IV hypersensitivity?
A: Introduction :- Exaggerated or inappropriate immune reactions to an antigen or allergen are known as…
Q: why are the children of Rh positive mothers not at risk for this disease erythroblastosis fetalis?
A: When a woman is pregnant, it’s possible that her baby’s blood type is not very compatible with her…
Q: Name the monkey in which Rh factor was discovered.
A: Introduction: Rh factor is basically a protein present at the surface of the red blood cells (RBC),…
Q: why are the children of Rh positive mothers not at risk for this erythroblastosis fetalis
A: Hemolytic disease of the newborn also called Erythroblastosis fetalis. This is considered as the…
Q: What is germ-line therapy ?
A: Gene is a hereditary unit present in the DNA which exist as series of nucleotide base pairs. Human…
Q: What Rh antigen is present in the red blood cells of this type of blood?
A: Answer- Rh antigens is the rhesus factor Protein) that is present on the surface of RBC in those…
Q: If there is a problem with somatic hypermutation in the germinal center, does this affect isotype…
A: The somatic hypermutation occurs in the germinal center of the lymph node. Somatic hypermutation is…
Q: Observe the blood typing results shown here and label the bloodtypes, including Rh. Which types are…
A: Blood type refers to the classification of blood based on the presence and absence of certain…
Q: Any plasma B-cell producing IgG antibody cannot produce IgM or IgD antibody, while a plasma B-cell…
A: Plasma B cells are specialised to produce different types of antibodies. There are five classes of…
Q: If you tested a sample of blood and it clumped in serum A, but did not clump in serum B, or the Rh…
A: Blood typing is commonly done to detect the type of blood group present in the person. In humans,…
Q: Fill in the blank: An Rh-negative woman, who might be carrying an _______________________ fetus, is…
A: HDN stands for hemolytic disease of the newborn. It is a blood disorder in newborn infants or fetus.…
Why is the agglutination seen in Rh finer than that seen in groups A and B?
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- How is Rh incompatibility involved in hemolytic disease of the newborn? Is the mother Rh+ or Rh-? Is the fetus Rh+ or Rh-? Why is a second child that is Rh+ more susceptible to attack from the mother’s immune system.How does some who is Rh negative become sensitized? What does that mean? Why is it significant?What are examples for natural resistance, chromosomal resistance, and extrachromosomal resistance?
- Give the Blood Type of the Following Genotypes (Review Rh genetics in the ABO Lab Document and Bombay Phenotype) Genotype Phenotype (Blood type) a) IAIB CcDDeeHh ___ (+ or -) b) IAi CcddEehh ___ c) ii ccddeehh ___ d) IBIB Ccddeehh ___What are possible Rh genotype/s (using Weiner nomenclature) for SC1 and ID1?Even though instances of fetal, maternal ABO, incompatibility are common, severe hemolytic disease due to ABO incompatibility is rare. Which of the following best explains this difference? A) ABO incompatibility causes extensive extra medullary hematopoiesis B) antibodies against ABO antigens do not bind complement C) the maternal immune system is tolerant to ABO ANTIGENS D) most anti- A or anti- B antibodies are of IgM type and do not cross the placenta E) the presence of concurrent Rh incompatibility decreases the immunogenicity of erythrocytes
- Why is it that Rh incompatibility can be a serious problem when anRh-negative mother is carrying an Rh-positive fetus, but ABOincompatibility between mother and fetus is usually no problem?That is, a type A mother can usually safely carry a type B fetus.(Hint: The antibodies produced by an Rh-negative mother againstthe Rh antigen are usually IgG, whereas the antibodies producedagainst the A or B antigens are IgM.) Because the Rh antigenobviously serves no vital function (most humans lack it), why do youthink it hasn’t been completely eliminated during human evolution?Explain the differences between the development of anti-Rh antibodies and the development of anti-A and anti-B antibodies?What is fetal-maternal isoimmunization and how does it happen? What are the ABO and Rh typing systems and how is it inherited? What are the consequences for the mother and the fetus? Is there a way to prevent and/or treat it?