Why is iron generally harder and have higher yield strength (σy) when it is alloyed with carbon? a) Carbon forms an interstitial solid solution in iron and Fe-C bonds are very strong. b) Carbon forms an interstitial solid solution in iron and the C atoms bind dislocations. c) Carbon forms a substitutional solid solution in iron and Fe-C bonds are very strong. d) Carbon forms a substitutional solid solution in iron and the C atoms bind dislocations. e) Carbon is the base element for diamond, which is very hard.

Q: A sample of slag (ore tailings) from a blast furnace was analyzed to determine the SiO2 content. A…

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Q: diffrentiate between cast iron and pig iron.

A: Extraction is the process in which a metal is extracted from its ore. Cast iron and pig iron are…

Q: Outside the unit cell, sketch the atomic configuration for the (111) plane for FCC aluminum. Clearly…

A: Interpretation: To draw the (111) plane for FCC aluminum on the given coordinate system. We have to…

Q: Write formally correct defect incorporation reactions and the corresponding mass action equilibrium…

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Q: A geologist finds a mineral sample alongside a swift-flowing river. She determines that the mineral…

A: We have given that a found a mineral and she determines that the mineral is a type of quartz. That…

Q: Suggest two reasons why zinc and potassium are unlikely to form a solid solution alloy

A: The reasons that zinc and potassium are unlikely to form solid solution alloy are:1. Different…

Q: 5. Calculate the d-spacing of (111) plane in Cu. Copper has a fcc lattice structure and has an…

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Q: Why does silica operate at highly temperature

A: Silica is widely used in industry. Since it can withstand high temperature.

Q: Sodium ([Ne] 3s¹3pº) forms a simple cubic (sc) primitive crystal structure, in which Na atoms are…

A: a) It forms simple cubic lattice.In simple cubic lattice atoms are at the corners of the cube, which…

Q: Construct a band diagram for Aluminum and using a band diagram explain why magnesium can be a metal…

A: Electronic configuration of Al – 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1  Band diagram of Aluminium as follows:

Q: Type of Steel % Carbon Characteristics Uses Low-carbon steel < 0.2 % Malleable and ductile Chains…

A: The size of iron atoms is larger than the carbon atoms.

Q: Austenite form of iron has FCC crystal lattice structure, whereas its alpha form has BCC crystal…

A: Assuming the mass of each atom of iron is M and its radius of atom is r. In case of Austenite the…

Q: Like metallic crystals, ceramic crystals can have defects. We want to identify the type of defects…

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Refining of Crude Metal

Metallurgy could be defined as a technique by which metals can be extracted in their pure nature. Extractive metallurgy directs with the route of eradicating the valuable metals from ores and purifying the extracted metals to pure nature. In hydrometallurgy, the metal extraction’s from their ores is done using an aqueous solution. In the pyrometallurgical process, high temperatures are employed to initiate the reactions between gases, molten metals, and solids. In electrometallurgy, the technique is carried in an electrolytic cell.