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Why do we use the maximum of the first derivative curve or the zero crossing of the second derivative curve to locate the end points in the Figure 10-4?

Why do we use the maximum of the first derivative curve or the zero crossing of the second derivative curve to locate the end points in the Figure 10-4?

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Why do we use the maximum of the first derivative curve or the zero crossing of the second derivative curve to locate the end points in the Figure 10-4?

11 (a) 10 9 8 0.3E (b) 0.2 0.1 (c) 0.05 0.00 -0.05 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 NaOH (µL) Figure 10-4 (a) Experimental points in the titration of 1.430 mg of xylenol orange, a hexaprotic acid, dissolved in 1.000 mL of 0.10 M NaNO,. The titrant was 0.065 92 M NaOH. (b) The first derivative, ApH/AV, of the titration curve. (c) The second derivative, A(ApH/AV)/AV, which is the derivative of the curve in panel b. Derivatives for the first end point are calculated in Figure 10-5. End points are taken as maxima in the derivative curve and zero crossings of the second derivative. 2nd Derivative 1st Derivative Hd
Transcribed Image Text:11 (a) 10 9 8 0.3E (b) 0.2 0.1 (c) 0.05 0.00 -0.05 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 NaOH (µL) Figure 10-4 (a) Experimental points in the titration of 1.430 mg of xylenol orange, a hexaprotic acid, dissolved in 1.000 mL of 0.10 M NaNO,. The titrant was 0.065 92 M NaOH. (b) The first derivative, ApH/AV, of the titration curve. (c) The second derivative, A(ApH/AV)/AV, which is the derivative of the curve in panel b. Derivatives for the first end point are calculated in Figure 10-5. End points are taken as maxima in the derivative curve and zero crossings of the second derivative. 2nd Derivative 1st Derivative Hd
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