Which type of bond would be expected in a molecule of LiF? O lonic O Polar Covalent O Nonpolar Covalent O None of These

Chemistry
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ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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### Quiz Question: Understanding Chemical Bonds

**Question:** Which type of bond would be expected in a molecule of LiF?

**Options:**
- **Ionic**
- **Polar Covalent**
- **Nonpolar Covalent**
- **None of These**

**Detailed Explanation:**
In the molecule of lithium fluoride (LiF), the bond formed is an **ionic bond**. This occurs because lithium (Li) is a metal that tends to lose one electron to achieve a stable electronic configuration, becoming a positively charged ion (Li^+). On the other hand, fluorine (F) is a non-metal that tends to gain one electron to complete its valence shell, becoming a negatively charged ion (F^-). The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged lithium ion and the negatively charged fluoride ion leads to the formation of an ionic bond.
Transcribed Image Text:### Quiz Question: Understanding Chemical Bonds **Question:** Which type of bond would be expected in a molecule of LiF? **Options:** - **Ionic** - **Polar Covalent** - **Nonpolar Covalent** - **None of These** **Detailed Explanation:** In the molecule of lithium fluoride (LiF), the bond formed is an **ionic bond**. This occurs because lithium (Li) is a metal that tends to lose one electron to achieve a stable electronic configuration, becoming a positively charged ion (Li^+). On the other hand, fluorine (F) is a non-metal that tends to gain one electron to complete its valence shell, becoming a negatively charged ion (F^-). The electrostatic attraction between the positively charged lithium ion and the negatively charged fluoride ion leads to the formation of an ionic bond.
### Topic: Lewis Structures and Lone Pairs

#### Question:
The Lewis Structure for which of the following contains the greatest number of lone pairs of electrons?

- ○ CH₄
- ○ HF
- ● F₂
- ○ H₂

#### Explanation:
In this multiple-choice question, students are asked to determine which molecule among CH₄, HF, F₂, and H₂ has the greatest number of lone pairs of electrons in its Lewis structure.

**Answer: F₂**

In the context of Lewis structures, a lone pair refers to a pair of valence electrons that are not shared with another atom and hence do not participate in bonding. Let's analyze each molecule:

1. **CH₄ (Methane):**
   - Lewis Structure: Carbon (C) forms four single bonds with four Hydrogen (H) atoms.
   - Lone Pairs: No lone pairs on Carbon, only bonding pairs with Hydrogen.

2. **HF (Hydrogen fluoride):**
   - Lewis Structure: Hydrogen (H) forms a single bond with Fluorine (F). Fluorine has three lone pairs.
   - Lone Pairs: 3 lone pairs on Fluorine.

3. **F₂ (Fluorine Gas):**
   - Lewis Structure: Two Fluorine (F) atoms form a single bond with each other. Each Fluorine atom has three lone pairs.
   - Lone Pairs: 6 lone pairs in total (3 on each Fluorine).

4. **H₂ (Hydrogen Gas):**
   - Lewis Structure: Two Hydrogen (H) atoms form a single bond.
   - Lone Pairs: No lone pairs, only bonding pairs.

By evaluating the Lewis structures, we observe that **F₂** has the greatest number of lone pairs, with a total of six lone pairs (three on each Fluorine atom).
Transcribed Image Text:### Topic: Lewis Structures and Lone Pairs #### Question: The Lewis Structure for which of the following contains the greatest number of lone pairs of electrons? - ○ CH₄ - ○ HF - ● F₂ - ○ H₂ #### Explanation: In this multiple-choice question, students are asked to determine which molecule among CH₄, HF, F₂, and H₂ has the greatest number of lone pairs of electrons in its Lewis structure. **Answer: F₂** In the context of Lewis structures, a lone pair refers to a pair of valence electrons that are not shared with another atom and hence do not participate in bonding. Let's analyze each molecule: 1. **CH₄ (Methane):** - Lewis Structure: Carbon (C) forms four single bonds with four Hydrogen (H) atoms. - Lone Pairs: No lone pairs on Carbon, only bonding pairs with Hydrogen. 2. **HF (Hydrogen fluoride):** - Lewis Structure: Hydrogen (H) forms a single bond with Fluorine (F). Fluorine has three lone pairs. - Lone Pairs: 3 lone pairs on Fluorine. 3. **F₂ (Fluorine Gas):** - Lewis Structure: Two Fluorine (F) atoms form a single bond with each other. Each Fluorine atom has three lone pairs. - Lone Pairs: 6 lone pairs in total (3 on each Fluorine). 4. **H₂ (Hydrogen Gas):** - Lewis Structure: Two Hydrogen (H) atoms form a single bond. - Lone Pairs: No lone pairs, only bonding pairs. By evaluating the Lewis structures, we observe that **F₂** has the greatest number of lone pairs, with a total of six lone pairs (three on each Fluorine atom).
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