Classes Of Functional Groups
Organic Chemistry deals mostly with carbon and hydrogens, also called hydrocarbons, but those groups which replace hydrogen and bonds with carbon to give a characteristic nature, unique of their own, to the hydrocarbon they are attached to, are called functional groups. All the compounds belonging to a functional group undergo reactions in a similar pattern and are known to have similar physical and chemical properties.
Characteristics Of Functional Groups
In organic chemistry, we encounter a number of special substituent groups which are attached to the hydrocarbon backbone. These groups impart certain characteristics to the molecule of which it is a part of and thus, become the highlight of that particular molecule.
IUPAC Nomenclature
In Chemistry, IUPAC stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry which suggested a systematic naming approach for the organic and inorganic compounds, as in the beginning stage of nomenclature one single chemical compound was named in many ways by which lead to confusion. The need for this approach aroused as the number of chemical compounds newly discovered were increasing (approximately 32 million compounds) and the basic concept of nomenclature i.e. the trivial nomenclature and the derived system of nomenclature failed to overcome the challenge. It is an important task to name a chemical compound systematically and unambiguously which reduces lots of confusion about the newly reported compounds.
![### Question 14
#### Which structure has the fewest carbons?
([Image displaying six chemical structures with labels a to f.])
- (a) Hexagon with one double bond and a single bond to another carbon atom.
- (b) Hexagon with one single bond to another carbon atom.
- (c) Square-shaped ring structure.
- (d) Hexagon with a double bond to an external carbon atom.
- (e) Two interconnected ring structures (one pentagon and one hexagon) with extended bonds.
- (f) Pentagon attached to a triangle-shaped ring structure.
#### Options:
- a
- b
- c
- d
- e
- f
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This multiple-choice question asks students to determine which of the provided structures has the fewest carbon atoms. Students should analyze the structures and count the carbon atoms in each to identify the one with the lowest count.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F7afae1ab-b4e7-43b1-a7da-96ff5e61e774%2F1c38fd26-8063-4be5-a332-f06fca0bafc8%2Fd3r6jyd_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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