Which representation(s) show polymer structures that are likely to result in rigid, hard materials and those that are likely to result in flexible, stretchable, soft materials?
Which representation(s) show polymer structures that are likely to result in rigid, hard materials and those that are likely to result in flexible, stretchable, soft materials?
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Understanding Polymer Structures and Their Material Properties**
**Introduction:**
The image presents a series of diagrams representing different polymer structures. Polymers can exhibit varying material properties based on their molecular arrangements. These properties can range from rigid and hard to flexible and stretchable. Our goal is to determine which representations correspond to these contrasting material characteristics.
**Diagram Descriptions:**
1. **Diagram A:**
- The structure shows a complex arrangement of interconnected molecules, possibly indicating a cross-linked polymer network. Such structures are typical of rigid and hard materials due to the strong covalent bonds that create a robust lattice.
2. **Diagram B:**
- This is a cubic lattice structure, common in crystalline materials. Polymers with crystalline structures tend to be hard and rigid due to the orderly arrangement of their molecular chains.
3. **Diagram C:**
- Shows a linear chain of molecules with possible side chains. This representation often corresponds to flexible polymers. The ability of the chains to slide past each other contributes to stretchability and softness.
4. **Diagram D:**
- Represents stacked layers, possibly indicative of a layered crystalline structure. These are typically rigid and hard due to limited movement between layers.
5. **Diagram E:**
- A cluster of spherical molecules labeled with "Li+ and Cl-," suggesting an ionic arrangement. While this might not represent polymers directly, ionic compounds can contribute to rigidity.
6. **Diagram F:**
- Displays a uniform arrangement of spheres in a grid. This probably points to a crystalline polymer, thus likely to be hard and rigid.
7. **Diagram G:**
- Shows a zigzag pattern of molecules, indicating a flexible configuration. This type of structure is common in elastomers and other flexible, stretchable materials.
8. **Diagram H:**
- Features a three-dimensional grid with distinct atom colors, possibly representing a crystalline metal or dense polymer network. It suggests rigidity due to the orderly, close-packed 3D structure.
9. **Diagram I:**
- Illustrates a linear, possibly coiled chain structure, often found in flexible polymers. The coiling allows for elasticity and is typical of materials that are flexible and soft.
**Conclusion:**
- **Rigid, Hard Materials:** Diagrams A, B, D, F, and H likely show structures that result in rigid materials due to cross-linking and crystalline arrangements.
- **Flexible, Stretchable Materials:** Diagrams
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