Which precedes an action potential traveling down the axon of a neuron? A. Neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the dendrite of the neuron. В. Neurotransmitters are released from the axon terminals of the neuron. C. The action potential travels through the synapse from a nearby neuron. D. Vesicles in the axon terminal release their contents at the synapse. E. The cell body releases neurotransmitters down the length of the axon.

Which precedes an action potential traveling down the axon of a neuron? A. Neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the dendrite of the neuron. В. Neurotransmitters are released from the axon terminals of the neuron. C. The action potential travels through the synapse from a nearby neuron. D. Vesicles in the axon terminal release their contents at the synapse. E. The cell body releases neurotransmitters down the length of the axon.

Concepts of Biology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168116

Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Publisher:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Chapter16: The Body's System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 24RQ: Neurons contain ________, which can receive signals from other neurons. a. axons b. mitochondria c....

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Neurons contain ________, which can receive signals from other neurons. a. axons b. mitochondria c. dendrites d. Golgibodies
The nerve impulses always travel in one direction from dendrites to axon terminals. What prevents an action potential from travelling backward? a. Hyperpolarization of the neuron makes the membrane more positive and prevents another action potential. b. After repolarization, the refractory period occurs, where the sodium ions are found outside the cell. c. After repolarization, the reversal of ions prevents another action potential as there would not be enough sodium ions outside the cell to rush in. d. The refractory period prevents another action potential by lowering the threshold potential.
Transmission of the nerve impulse across a synapse isaccomplished bya. the release of Na+ at the presynaptic membrane.b. the release of neurotransmitters at the postsynaptic membrane.c. the reception of neurotransmitters at the postsynapticmembrane.d. Both a and c are correct.
Ordinarily, a neuron’s trigger zone is activated before any other part ofan axon, so a wave of action potentials occurs as sodium channelsopen in the direction of the synaptic terminal. What would happen ifyou artificially stimulated an axon to reach threshold potential midwayalong its length rather than at the trigger zone?a. Action potentials would occur in the direction of the synapticterminal.b. No action potentials would occur.c. Action potentials would occur in the direction of the trigger zone.d. Both a and c are correct.
A change in the voltage across a neuron’s plasma membranethat makes the neuron less likely to fire an action potential isa. a change that makes the resting potential less negative.b. an excitatory postsynaptic potential.c. an inhibitory postsynaptic potential.d. a change that lowers the threshold.
Using cable theory to describe axon conduction would tell us a. the larger the diameter of the axon the faster the propagation of the action potential b. the larger the diameter of the axon the slower the propagation of the action potential c. the smaller the diameter of the axon the faster the propagation of the action potential d. that having big axons is of no benefit and only takes up a lot of space e. the nervous system mainly has small axons because they are much faster than large ones
What determines the effect of neurotransmitter release on the post-synaptic neurons? a. the size of the action potential. b. the post-synaptic receptors c. the neurotransmitter contained in the synaptic vesicles. d. the concentration of calcium ions reached in presynaptic terminals. e. the size of the synaptic vesicles.
If an excitatory synapse and inhibitory synapse generate postsynaptic potentials on the same neuron what can happen? a. The generated potentials will sum up to make a larger postsynaptic potential. b. Nothing will happen, because inhibitory neurons will not form synapses on the same neurons as excitatory neurons. c. The postsynaptic potential generated by the inhibitory synapse will shunt the excitatory synapse, leading to a reduction in the postsynaptic potential. d. None of the above
What membrane protein of the neuron is responsible for briefly increasing the Na+ permeability of the membrane during the rising phase of the nerve impulse? a. the sodium-potassium pump b. the voltage gated potassium channel c. the voltage gated sodium channel d. the stimulus gated sodium channel e. the ligand gated ion channel
Predict what would happen if the calcium ion channels in the axon terminal were blocked a. It would inhibit exocytosis of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft b. It would activate exocytosis of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft c. It would shut off synaptic transmission between two neurons d. a and b e. a and c
Both potassium and sodium channels located along the nerve membrane are voltage-gated. This means that they respond to the changes in the voltage by opening and closing the gates to allow the ions to flow in or out of the membrane. When the threshold level is reached and depolarization occurs, how come only the sodium ions begin to rush in? a. The threshold levels for both sodium and potassium channels are equal, but sodium channels are slower to open. b. The threshold levels for both sodium and potassium channels are equal, but potassium channels take longer to open. c. The threshold level for the potassium channels is lower than the sodium channels. d. The threshold level for the potassium channels is higher than the sodium channels.
What statement about synapse activity is false? A.The input of sodium ions by AMPA receptors is triggered by glutamate binding to the same receptors.B.Calcium entering the dendritic spine during synaptic transmission activates proteins that can potentiate synapse.C.Depolarization of the membrane caused by the arrival of calcium ions makes it possible to eject sodium blocking NMDA receptors.D.Glutamate can be released by the pre-synaptic button following the arrival of an action potential via the axon.