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Which of the following statements about nucleophilic reactions are generally true ? SN2 reactions rely on least hindered substrates. 1° are best while 3° are worst. SN1 and E1 reactions rely on good carbocation forming substrates. Benzylic, allylic, 3° are best while 1° are worst. E2 reactions depend primarily on strong bases like hydroxides, alkoxides, or amides. Polar aprotic solvents like HMPA, DMF, DMSO, acetonitrile, or acetone are favoring SN2. Polar protic, neutral or acidic solvents/environments like alcohols, water, or acidic solutions favor SN1/E1 mechanisms. SN2 and E2 reactions are stereospecific, while SN1 occurs with racemization. Elimination reactions are expected to result in Zaitsev's (more substituted) product(s), unless hinderance steers them into Hoffman's (less substituted) product(s).

Which of the following statements about nucleophilic reactions are generally true ? SN2 reactions rely on least hindered substrates. 1° are best while 3° are worst. SN1 and E1 reactions rely on good carbocation forming substrates. Benzylic, allylic, 3° are best while 1° are worst. E2 reactions depend primarily on strong bases like hydroxides, alkoxides, or amides. Polar aprotic solvents like HMPA, DMF, DMSO, acetonitrile, or acetone are favoring SN2. Polar protic, neutral or acidic solvents/environments like alcohols, water, or acidic solutions favor SN1/E1 mechanisms. SN2 and E2 reactions are stereospecific, while SN1 occurs with racemization. Elimination reactions are expected to result in Zaitsev's (more substituted) product(s), unless hinderance steers them into Hoffman's (less substituted) product(s).

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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**Which of the following statements about nucleophilic reactions are generally true?** - ✅ S<sub>N</sub>2 reactions rely on least hindered substrates. 1° are best while 3° are worst. - ⬜ S<sub>N</sub>1 and E1 reactions rely on good carbocation forming substrates. Benzylic, allylic, 3° are best while 1° are worst. - ⬜ E2 reactions depend primarily on strong bases like hydroxides, alkoxides, or amides. - ✅ Polar aprotic solvents like HMPA, DMF, DMSO, acetonitrile, or acetone are favoring S<sub>N</sub>2. - ⬜ Polar protic, neutral or acidic solvents/environments like alcohols, water, or acidic solutions favor S<sub>N</sub>1/E1 mechanisms. - ⬜ S<sub>N</sub>2 and E2 reactions are stereospecific, while S<sub>N</sub>1 occurs with racemization. - ⬜ Elimination reactions are expected to result in Zaitsev's (more substituted) product(s), unless hinderance steers them into Hoffman's (less substituted) product(s).
Transcribed Image Text:**Which of the following statements about nucleophilic reactions are generally true?** - ✅ S<sub>N</sub>2 reactions rely on least hindered substrates. 1° are best while 3° are worst. - ⬜ S<sub>N</sub>1 and E1 reactions rely on good carbocation forming substrates. Benzylic, allylic, 3° are best while 1° are worst. - ⬜ E2 reactions depend primarily on strong bases like hydroxides, alkoxides, or amides. - ✅ Polar aprotic solvents like HMPA, DMF, DMSO, acetonitrile, or acetone are favoring S<sub>N</sub>2. - ⬜ Polar protic, neutral or acidic solvents/environments like alcohols, water, or acidic solutions favor S<sub>N</sub>1/E1 mechanisms. - ⬜ S<sub>N</sub>2 and E2 reactions are stereospecific, while S<sub>N</sub>1 occurs with racemization. - ⬜ Elimination reactions are expected to result in Zaitsev's (more substituted) product(s), unless hinderance steers them into Hoffman's (less substituted) product(s).
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