Which of the following is exclusively required if a researcher wants to make a causal claim? a. carefully word surveys b. random sampling c. have a sufficient sample size d. manipulation of a condition
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Which of the following is exclusively required if a researcher wants to make a causal claim?
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- A manager wants to study the employees' absence behaviour in his company. He wishes to find the average number of days an employee absence last year. He randomly selected 25 employees from different departments and recorded the number of days they absent from work as follows: 3 17 5 8 7 10 12 15 7 20 21 14 15 14 11 5 7 25 18 (i) State the population and sample. (ii) Determine the variable of interest and state its level of measurement.A company manufactures batteries for smart phones. Listed below are numbers of defects in batches of 200 randomly selected in each of 15 consecutive days of production. a. Use the given process data to construct a control chart for p. b. Use the three out-of-control criteria and determine whether the process is within statistical control. c. What action should be taken? 12 14 14 a. Choose the correct control chart. OA. Proportion 0.12 0.00+ FICE 15 10 0 OB. Proportion 0.12 11 0.00T 12 Camala 16 COOT o o h Heing the thron out of control criteria is the statistical 7 10 16 O C. Proportion 0.12 B-C Samain HUCL 15 12 6 17 5 OD. 0.12 0+ opd 15 18Suppose we wanted to see if there was a correlation between suspension and ethnicity. We have the following summary of data below. What statistical test would we use? Suspended Note Suspended Black 17 17 White 65 878 Group of answer choices No answer text provided. Chi-squared Z-test T-test
- C.. Find the sample size for each of the following: 1. 90% confidence, E = 0.005, p = 0.25 2. 95% confidence. E = 0.005, p = 0.25 3. 99% confidence, E = 0.005, p = 0.25 4. 80% confidence, E = 0.005, p = 0.25 5. 85% confidence, E = 0.005, p = 0.253). Two sample cases. A business major student is given a data set in Spread- sheet "Question 5": Sample 1 (x): 6.59 8.74 7.75 5.79 1.39 5.62 5.51 2.96 4.48 4.08 0.48 6.54 6.50 8.73 2.84 9.32 9.72 0.37 4.34 8.08 2.27 3.34 4.08 5.52 3.27 6.59 8.74 7.75 5.79 1.39 Sample 2 (y): 19.78 3.18 2.88 2.56 8.03 6.65 5.23 8.39 12.29 13.46 9.54 -0.36 1.62 3.54 -0.16 9.73 6.11 13.46 10.72 14.45 8.77 10.25 7.62 10.38 n=30, = x = 158.55, 21047.298, της 24, Συ= 188.11, Στ2 Σ Σ= = 2045.635. Assume that two populations are independent and normally distributed with means μ1, H2 and standard deviations 01, 02, respectively. (a) What is the point estimate of 1-2? What is the margin of error E associated with this estimate (use a = 0.05)? (b) Find 95% confidence interval for μ1 - 2. (c) Test Ho 1 μ2 = 0 vs H₁₁₂ <0 at a = 0.01.Q7
- B. A sample data has a distribution that has a single mode and is strongly positively skewed. An analyst computes three measures of location for this data; the mean, the median and mode. (i) State the largest of these three location measures. (ii) Suggest, with a reason, which would be the best measure of location.A sociologist is interested in the opinion of Minnesota teachers on the recent labor union law passed by Wisconsin lawmakers. a. What is the experimental unit? b.What is the population? c.What are the variables relevant to this study? Classify them as continuous, discrete, nominal, or ordinal. d. Explain how you would select a sample for this study. Explain pros and cons of your method.1. Stephen would like to check if his claim is true upon knowing that the average grade in Mathematics of his class is at least 85%. He got a sample from his classmates listed as follows: 93, 88 , 90,95 , 83, 85, 77 , 78 , 90, 80 a. What statistical tool is suited to determine if his class is true? Why? b. Assume that the distribution is normal, what would Stephen's conclusion be if the level of significance is 5%?
- II. Statistical Data Analysis: Solve each given problem using the appropriate test statistic. 1. A survey of public opinion about the criminal justice system asked respondents to complete the following statement: "The criminal justice system treats offenders...." The researchers found the following distribution of responses by gender of the respondent: Gender of Respondent Female Male Too Lenient 15 40 About Right 50 35 Too Harsh 35 25 a. Is there a relationship between the gender of the respondent and perceptions of punishment severity? Use a 5% level of significance and outline each of the steps required in a test of statistical significance. b. Would your answer be different if the significance level were 0.01? Show the proof of your answer. c. What can you conclude about the relationship between gender and perceptions of punishment severity?The type of household for the U.S. population and for a random sample of 411 households from a community in Montana are shown below. Type of Household Married with children Married, no children Single parent One person Other (e.g., roommates, siblings) Percent of U.S. Households 26% 29% 9% 25% 11% Observed Number of Households in the Community 106 112 37 91 65 Use a 5% level of significance to test the claim that the distribution of U.S. households fits the Dove Creek distribution.Determine whether the following sampling is dependent or independent. Indicate whether the response variable is qualitative or quantitative. A researcher wishes to compare annual salaries of patients with and without narcolepsy. She obtains a random sample of 116 patients of each category who work and determines each patient's annual salary. ... Determine whether the following sampling is dependent or independent. OA. The sampling is dependent because an individual selected for one sample does dictate which individual is to be in the second sample. OB. The sampling is dependent because an individual selected for one sample does not dictate which individual is to be in the second sample. OC. The sampling is independent because an individual selected for one sample does dictate which individual is to be in the second sample. D. The sampling is independent because an individual selected for one sample does not dictate which individual is to be in the second sample. Indicate whether the…
