Which of the following has the most available energy to extract?

Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
icon
Related questions
Question

Which of the following has the most available energy to extract?

HỎ
HO
HO
н н н н н н н
a
т
НО Н Н Н Н Н Н Н
Palmitic Acid
Oleic acid (omega-9)
н н н н н н н н н н н н н н н н н
к н к н
H
Double Bond
Linoleic acid (omega-6)
н н н н н н н н н н н н н н н н н
Н
Н
н н н н н н н
к н н
1
Н Н Н Н
н н н н н н н н н н
H
Double Bonds
Linolenic acid (omega-3)
1
H
H H
L
↑
Double Bonds
H
-
-
Н Н Н Н Н Н Н
L
↑
С
Н
Н
H
-Н
at
Transcribed Image Text:HỎ HO HO н н н н н н н a т НО Н Н Н Н Н Н Н Palmitic Acid Oleic acid (omega-9) н н н н н н н н н н н н н н н н н к н к н H Double Bond Linoleic acid (omega-6) н н н н н н н н н н н н н н н н н Н Н н н н н н н н к н н 1 Н Н Н Н н н н н н н н н н н H Double Bonds Linolenic acid (omega-3) 1 H H H L ↑ Double Bonds H - - Н Н Н Н Н Н Н L ↑ С Н Н H -Н at
Expert Solution
Beta Oxidation

Fatty acids are transported into the cell. The enzyme fatty acyl-CoA synthase(FACS) adds a CoA group to the fatty acid chain. This is called an acyl-CoA. The short-chain acyl-CoA chain can easily diffuse into the mitochondria, but the long-chain acyl-CoA chain is transported via the carnitine shuttle.

  1. The enzyme acyl CoA dehydrogenase oxidizes the acyl-CoA. There is a formation of a double bond between 2C and 3C. the end product is called trans-Δ2-enoyl-CoA. FAD is reduced to FADH2 in this step
  2. Enoyl CoA hydratase adds a hydroxyl group to the 2C of trans-Δ2-enoyl-CoA to form L-β-hydroxyacyl CoA
  3. The 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidation of L-β-hydroxyacyl CoA to β-ketoacyl CoA and reduces NAD+ to NADH.
  4. β-ketoacyl CoA is cleaved by β-ketothiolase between 2C and 3C to produce acetyl-CoA. This acetyl CoA is made up of carbon 1C and 2C

The new acyl-CoA chain which is now two carbons shorter will enter the second beta-oxidation cycle and with each cycle, it will be 2 carbons shorter.

steps

Step by step

Solved in 3 steps

Blurred answer
Similar questions
Recommended textbooks for you
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781319114671
Author:
Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:
W. H. Freeman
Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry
Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781464126116
Author:
David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox
Publisher:
W. H. Freeman
Fundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecul…
Fundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecul…
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781118918401
Author:
Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet, Charlotte W. Pratt
Publisher:
WILEY
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781305961135
Author:
Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougal
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781305577206
Author:
Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological …
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological …
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9780134015187
Author:
John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. Peterson
Publisher:
PEARSON