Which of the following formulas is used to calculate the contribution margin ratio? (Sales − Total costs) ÷ Sales. (Sales − Fixed costs) ÷ Sales. (Sales − Cost of goods sold) ÷ Sales. (Sales − Variable costs) ÷ Sales.
Process Costing
Process costing is a sort of operation costing which is employed to determine the value of a product at each process or stage of producing process, applicable where goods produced from a series of continuous operations or procedure.
Job Costing
Job costing is adhesive costs of each and every job involved in the production processes. It is an accounting measure. It is a method which determines the cost of specific jobs, which are performed according to the consumer’s specifications. Job costing is possible only in businesses where the production is done as per the customer’s requirement. For example, some customers order to manufacture furniture as per their needs.
ABC Costing
Cost Accounting is a form of managerial accounting that helps the company in assessing the total variable cost so as to compute the cost of production. Cost accounting is generally used by the management so as to ensure better decision-making. In comparison to financial accounting, cost accounting has to follow a set standard ad can be used flexibly by the management as per their needs. The types of Cost Accounting include – Lean Accounting, Standard Costing, Marginal Costing and Activity Based Costing.
(Sales − Total costs) ÷ Sales.
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(Sales − Fixed costs) ÷ Sales.
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(Sales − Cost of goods sold) ÷ Sales.
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(Sales − Variable costs) ÷ Sales.
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Selling Price | $ | 60 | |
Variable manufacturing cost | $ | 33 | |
Fixed manufacturing cost | $ | 250,000 | per month |
Variable selling & administrative costs | $ | 9 | |
Fixed selling & administrative costs | $ | 120,000 | per month |
$933,333.
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$1,233,333.
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$7,560,000.
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$1,400,000.
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The CVP graph assumes that fixed costs are constant in total within the relevant range.
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The CVP graph assumes that selling prices do not change.
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The CVP graph assumes that variable costs go down as volume goes up.
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The CVP graph assumes that volume is the only factor affecting total cost.
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Selling price per unit | $ | 84 |
Variable manufacturing cost per unit produced: | ||
Direct materials | $ | 12 |
Direct labor | $ | 5 |
Variable manufacturing |
$ | 4 |
Fixed manufacturing overhead per year | $ | 432,000 |
Selling and administrative expenses: | ||
Variable selling and administrative expense per unit sold | $ | 5 |
Fixed selling and administrative expense per year | $ | 61,000 |
Year 1 | Year 2 | ||
Units in beginning inventory | 0 | 3,000 | |
Units produced | 12,000 | 9,000 | |
Units sold | 9,000 | 10,000 | |
Units in ending inventory | 3,000 | 2,0000 |
The unit product cost under variable costing in Year 1 is closest to:
$26.00
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$57.00
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$21.00
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$62.00
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a change in the selling price per unit.
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a change in the income tax rate.
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a change in the variable cost per unit.
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a change in total fixed costs.
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True
False
Total Costs are unchanged.
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Total Fixed Costs are nonlinear.
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Unit Revenues are nonlinear.
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Unit Variable Costs are unchanged.
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Direct materials | $ | 17.80 | |
Direct labor | 19.00 | ||
Variable manufacturing overhead | 1.00 | ||
Fixed manufacturing overhead | 17.10 | ||
Unit product cost | $ | 54.90 |
If the part were purchased from the outside supplier, all of the direct labor cost of the part would be avoided. However, $8.20 of the fixed manufacturing overhead cost being applied to the part would continue even if the part were purchased from the outside supplier. This fixed manufacturing overhead cost would be applied to the company's remaining products.
How much of the unit product cost of $54.90 is relevant in the decision of whether to make or buy the part?
$37.80 per unit
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$19.00 per unit
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$46.70 per unit
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$54.90 per unit
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