Which of the following carboxylic acids is expected to have the highest pk₂? acetic acid difluoroacetic acid Ofluoroacetic acid O trifluoroacetic acid
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the organic compounds that are obtained in foods and living matters in the shape of sugars, cellulose, and starch. The general formula of carbohydrates is Cn(H2O)2. The ratio of H and O present in carbohydrates is identical to water.
Starch
Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate that belongs to the category of polysaccharide carbohydrates.
Mutarotation
The rotation of a particular structure of the chiral compound because of the epimerization is called mutarotation. It is the repercussion of the ring chain tautomerism. In terms of glucose, this can be defined as the modification in the equilibrium of the α- and β- glucose anomers upon its dissolution in the solvent water. This process is usually seen in the chemistry of carbohydrates.
L Sugar
A chemical compound that is represented with a molecular formula C6H12O6 is called L-(-) sugar. At the carbon’s 5th position, the hydroxyl group is placed to the compound’s left and therefore the sugar is represented as L(-)-sugar. It is capable of rotating the polarized light’s plane in the direction anticlockwise. L isomers are one of the 2 isomers formed by the configurational stereochemistry of the carbohydrates.
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![20.3 Structure and Properties of Carboxylic Acids
Which of the following carboxylic acids is expected to have the highest pk₂?
O acetic acid
Odifluoroacetic acid
Ofluoroacetic acid
Otrifluoroacetic acid
20.5 Reactions of Carboxylic Acids
Which of the following reagents can be used to convert the compound below into an alcohol?
COOH
O1) excess NaH, 2) H₂O
OH3O*, heat
1) LIAIH4, 2) H3O+
01) 03, 2) H₂O
20.9 Preparation and Reactions of Acid Anhydrides
Select reagents that can be used to perform the following reduction.
?
Zn, HCI
1. excess LiAlH4 2. H₂O
O excess NH3
O H₂O
20.13 Preparation and Reactions of Nitriles
A primary alkyl halide will react with NaCN to produce a(n).
amide
O nitrile
Ocarboxylic acid
Oester
Oenamine
imine
O primary amine
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![19.3 Preparing Aldehydes and Ketones: A Review
Predict the major product of the following reaction.
OH
O
O
HO
20
OH
There is no reaction under these conditions or the correct product is not listed here.
19.5 Oxygen Nucleophiles
CrO₂
H₂SO4
?
In the mechanism for acetal formation, the second step is a:
19.9 Hydrogen Nucleophiles
OH
O nucleophilic attack.
deprotonation of its oxonium ion.
proton transfer.
loss of its leaving group.
O acetophenone.
Ophenol.
O cyclohexanol.
Obenzyl alcohol.
Identify the product expected when the following compound is treated with LiAlH4 followed by water.
O acetophenone.
Ohexanone.
O cyclohexanone.
O benzyl alcohol.
Obenzaldehyde.
Ocyclopentanone.
19.11 Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation of Aldehydes and Ketones
Which of the following compounds can be directly converted into the lactone shown via a Baeyer-Villiger oxidation?
с
A
SI](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fb30b8e04-1d96-48e3-ae17-9cc7abb41cad%2F2dcecab4-6700-4766-bf12-fe916349a6d8%2F8al7x6i_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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