) Which of the following best describes a mechanism that helps us locate how far to the left or right a sound in our environment is coming from? certain neurons fire when input from the left and right ear reaches them at the same time neurons in the area postrema fire differentially based on relative volume differences rate coding (namely, the relative distance a sound is from the left or right ear affects the rate of firing) There does not need to be any difference in neural firing; we can just tell where a sound is coming from based on where it SOUNDS like it s coming from! 2) A retinal photoreceptor (rod/cone) is relatively ________ in the dark. Then when light hits it, it gets ________ . depolarized; hyperpolarized hyperpolarized; more hyperpolarized depolarized; more depolarized hyperpolarized; depolarized
Anatomy and Physiology of Special Sensory Organs
Sensory organs can be labeled as special sensory structures that permit sight, hearing, odor, and flavor. Sensory structures permitting proprioception, touch, thermal, and pain perception can be classified as more advanced sensory organs. The sensory neurons are trained to find out modifications in the external and internal conditions so that a person's body can react to that change. A stimulus is the first signal that is recognized by any sensory receptor of the body. Stimulus is an impulse generated when there is a change in the surroundings of a person. For example, a heated environment will alert the brain through the thermal sensory organs and generate a reflex accordingly.
Sensory Receptors
The human sensory system is one of the most complex and highly evolved structures, which processes a myriad of incoming messages. This well-coordinated system helps an organism or individual to respond to external stimuli, appropriately. The sensory receptors are an important part of the sensory system. These receptors are specialized epidermal cells that respond to external environmental stimuli. These receptors consist of structural and support cells that form the peripheral unit of the receptor and the neural dendrites which receive and detect the external stimuli.
1)
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certain neurons fire when input from the left and right ear reaches them at the same time
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neurons in the area postrema fire differentially based on relative volume differences
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rate coding (namely, the relative distance a sound is from the left or right ear affects the rate of firing)
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There does not need to be any difference in neural firing; we can just tell where a sound is coming from based on where it SOUNDS like it s coming from!
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2)
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A retinal photoreceptor (rod/cone) is relatively ________ in the dark. Then when light hits it, it gets ________ .
depolarized; hyperpolarizedhyperpolarized; more hyperpolarized
depolarized; more depolarized
hyperpolarized; depolarized
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