Which explanation most likely accounts for the differences seen in the beak shape of the finches? The finches each had a different ancestor. Finches with larger beaks had richer diets than those with smaller beaks. The finches were selectively bred for their individual beak shapes. Differences in the diet of each species of finch led to adaptation of their beak

Which explanation most likely accounts for the differences seen in the beak shape of the finches? The finches each had a different ancestor. Finches with larger beaks had richer diets than those with smaller beaks. The finches were selectively bred for their individual beak shapes. Differences in the diet of each species of finch led to adaptation of their beak

Name: ul TEW ?8:24 PM© 1 0 15% 06 of 15The Galapagos Islands are a chain of
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Description: ul TEW ?8:24 PM© 1 0 15% 06 of 15The Galapagos Islands are a chain of islands west ofSouth America. The islands are home to thirteenclosely-related species of finches. Four of the finchspecies are shown below. Note that each type offinch has a diffe

Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)

14th Edition

ISBN:9781305073951

Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter44: Population Ecology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2DAA

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Wintering range Spain typical migratory route of starlings experimental relocation of all startings fight path of experienced startings tight path of inexperienced startings Holland Switzerland Breeding range Why were young, inexperienced starlings unable to correct their migration path after they were captured in Holland and moved to Switzerland? O Their magnetite is not as well formed as in adult birds and thus they were unable to move northwards after moved O They had not learned important landmarks, smells, and other important cues that help them orient themselves during migration They have not breed yet, and thus, they have not had to teach other birds the correct migratory pathway to the wintering range O They had not learned the appropriate stopover locations and thus did not have enough information to help them change their course once in migration.
Name: Date: Galapagos Finch Evolution (HHMI Biointeractive) - https://voutu be/mcM23M-CCog ~16 minutes 1. What is the "mystery of mysteries? 2. The Grants' study on the island of Daphne Major studied what organisms? 3. Where did the 13 species of finches on the islands come from? 4. How did the Grants catch the finches? 5. What features did they measure? 6. What happened in 1977 to the island? 7. What type of birds were more likely to survive after this event? 8. After the El Nino event in 1983, which birds were more likely to survive? 9. What keeps different species from mating on the Galapagos islands? 10. The most likely scenario explaining the different finches on the islands is that: a) different birds migrated to different islands b) one species evolved into many different species 11. Examine the graph below. Summarize what happened to the finch population between 1976 and 1978. 30 1976 Offspring 25- 20- 15- 10- 5- 7.3 7.8 8.3 8.8 9.3 9.8 10.3 10.8 11.3 40 1978 Offspring 30- 20-…
UNITED ISD USHS 9th Bio Midterm Highlighter X Researchers analyzed a mitochondrial gene of different bat species to determine relatedness. A cladogram of their results is shown. A Ptenochirus minor and Megaerops niphanae (C) Based on the cladogram, which set of bat species is the least related? Cynopterus sphinx Haplonycteris fischeri Dyacopterus spadiceus Chironax melanocephalus Hanlonvcteris fischerl and Ptenochirus iagori Clear Otopteropus cartilagonodus Ptenochirus jagori Ptenochirus minor B Dyacopterus spadiceus and Otopteropus cartilagonodus Megaerops niphanae DELL
Iguana Decline In 1987, Martin Wikelski began a long-term study of marine iguanas in the Galpagos Islands. He marked iguanas on two islandsGenovesa and Santa Feand collected data on how their body size, survival, and reproductive rates varied over time. He found that because iguanas eat algae and have no predators, deaths usually result from food shortages, disease, or old age. In January 2001, an oil tanker ran aground and leaked a small amount of oil into the waters near Santa Fe. FIGURE 44.3 shows the number of marked iguanas that Wikelski and his team counted in their study populations just before the spill and about a year later. FIGURE 44.3 Shifting numbers of marked marine iguanas on two Galpagos islands. An oil spill occurred near Santa Fe just after the January 2001 census (orange bars). A second census was carried out in December 2001 (green bars). Which island had more marked iguanas at the time of the first census?
European cuckoos and North American brown-headed cowbirds are not dose relatives, but both lay their eggs in the nest o other birds. Both also have an unusually simple song. Why is having a simple species-specific song an advantage for such birds?
Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The po'ouli (Melamprosops phaeosoma) was discovered in 1973 by a group of students from the University of Hawaii. Its membership in the Hawaiian honeycreeper clade had been controversial, mainly because its appearance and behavior are so different from other living honeycreepers. It particularly lacked the "old tent" odor characteristic of other honeycreepers. In 2011, Heather Lerner and her colleagues deciphered phylogeny of the 19 Hawaiian honeycreepers that were not yet officially declared to be extinct at the time, including the po'ouli. The researchers sequenced mitochondrial and nuclear DNA samples taken from the honeycreepers, and also from 28 other birds (outgroups). Phylogenetic analysis of these data firmly establishes the po'ouli as a member of the clade, and also reveals the Eurasian rosefinch as the clade's closest relative (FIGURE 18.10). FIGURE 18.10 Phylogeny of Hawaiian honeycreepers. This cladogram was constructed using sequence comparisons of mitochondrial DNA (whole genome), and 13 nuclear DNA loci of 19 Hawaiian honeycreepers and 28 other finch species. Which species on the cladogram represents an outgroup?
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Mountain gorillas are a highly endangered primate species, with 800 or so individuals surviving in the two remaining populations. A recent sampling of mountain gorilla genomes revealed a very low level of genetic diversity. Explain why a decline in genetic diversity often accompanies a decline in population size.
All but one species of large birds native to New Zealands tropical forests are now extinct. Numbers of the one surviving species, the kereru (Hemiphaga, novae seelandine), are declining rapidly due to habitat loss, poaching, predation, and interspecies competition that wiped out the other native birds. The keruru is the only remaining dispersal agent for several native tress that produce big seeds and fruits, mainly because it is the only remaining species that can swallow big fruits (left) and expel big seeds whole. One of these trees, the puriri (Vitex lucens), is New Zealands most valued hardwood. Explain, in terms of natural selection, what would happen to puriri trees in New Zealand if the kereru becomes extinct.
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