Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:**Transcription for Educational Website:**
**Question:**
Which direction does the equilibrium below favor and what is the deciding factor?
**Chemical Reaction:**
The reaction involves the conversion of an amide to an ester and an amine in the presence of an acid catalyst (H⁺ cat.).
**Diagram Explanation:**
- On the left side of the equilibrium, we have:
- An amide, represented as: \(\text{CH}_3\text{CONHCH}_2\text{CH}_3\)
- Ethanol, represented as: \(\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{OH}\)
- The reaction is catalyzed by an acid (H⁺ cat.) and proceeds in the forward direction.
- On the right side of the equilibrium, we have:
- An ester, represented as: \(\text{CH}_3\text{COOCH}_2\text{CH}_3\)
- An amine, represented as: \(\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{NH}_2\)
**Explanation of Equilibrium Direction:**
The deciding factor for the direction of the equilibrium is typically the relative stability of the products and reactants, which can be influenced by factors such as the acid/base properties, steric effects, and the reaction environment.
Note: Specific thermodynamic data and reaction conditions would be needed to determine the precise favorability in a practical setting.
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