Phlebotomy Essentials
6th Edition
ISBN:9781451194524
Author:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)
Publisher:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)
Chapter1: Phlebotomy: Past And Present And The Healthcare Setting
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1SRQ
Related questions
Question
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)
The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance. It is activated in response to various physiological conditions. The following question explores the specific conditions under which the RAAS is activated:
**Question:**
Which condition will cause the body to activate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)?
**Options:**
1. ⃝ Decreased perfusion to the liver
2. ⃝ Decreased perfusion to the brain
3. ⃝ Decreased perfusion to the lungs
4. ⃝ Decreased perfusion to the kidney
**Explanation:**
The RAAS is primarily activated in response to decreased blood flow (perfusion) to the kidneys. This decreased perfusion is often due to reduced blood volume or blood pressure, prompting the kidneys to release the enzyme renin. Renin then initiates a cascade of events resulting in the production of angiotensin II, which constricts blood vessels and stimulates the release of aldosterone from the adrenal glands. Aldosterone acts on the kidneys to increase sodium and water reabsorption, thereby increasing blood volume and pressure.
**Correct Answer:**
- Decreased perfusion to the kidney
**Detailed Diagram Explanation:**
If there were a diagram or graph included, it would likely illustrate the RAAS activation pathway:
1. **Kidneys** sense decreased perfusion and release renin.
2. **Renin** converts angiotensinogen (produced by the liver) into angiotensin I.
3. **Angiotensin I** is then converted to angiotensin II by the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) primarily in the lungs.
4. **Angiotensin II** binds to receptors on blood vessels causing vasoconstriction, and stimulates the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone.
5. **Aldosterone** leads to increased reabsorption of sodium and water by the kidneys, increasing blood volume and pressure.
This cascade ensures the maintenance of blood pressure and fluid balance within the body.
For more detailed information and diagrams on the RAAS, please refer to our dedicated section on blood pressure regulation and kidney function.
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