where Qs is the quantity of widgets supplied per month (P is expressed in dollars per widget a) What do you understand about a market structure being perfectly competitive? b) What is the equilibrium price of a widget? Is this the long run equilibrium price? c) How many firms are in this industry when it is in long run equilibrium? d) If the market demand curve shifts to

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Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions
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I. (9) Case Study: Widget Industry
In 2007, the widget industry was perfectly competitive. The lowest point on the long run average cost curve of each
of the identical widget producers is $ 4, and this minimum point occurs at an output of 2,000 widgets per month.
When the optimal scale of a firm's plant is operated to produce 2,600 widgets per month, the short run average cost
of each firm is $ 10. The market (or industry ) demand curve for widgets is
Qd = 280,000 - 20,000 P
Where P is the price of a widget and Qd is the quantity of widgets demanded per month. The market supply curve
for widgets is
Qs = 160,000 + 10,000 P
where Qs is the quantity of widgets supplied per month (P is expressed in dollars per widget)
a) What do you understand about a market structure being perfectly competitive?
b) What is the equilibrium price of a widget? Is this the long run equilibrium price?
c) How many firms are in this industry when it is in long run equilibrium?
d) If the market demand curve shifts to
Qd = 360,000 - 10,000 P
What is the new equilibrium price and output in the short run, for both the industry and each firm
e) In the situation described in part (c), are firms making profits or losses ? (assume that the number of firms in the
industry equals the number that would exist in the part (b))
Transcribed Image Text:I. (9) Case Study: Widget Industry In 2007, the widget industry was perfectly competitive. The lowest point on the long run average cost curve of each of the identical widget producers is $ 4, and this minimum point occurs at an output of 2,000 widgets per month. When the optimal scale of a firm's plant is operated to produce 2,600 widgets per month, the short run average cost of each firm is $ 10. The market (or industry ) demand curve for widgets is Qd = 280,000 - 20,000 P Where P is the price of a widget and Qd is the quantity of widgets demanded per month. The market supply curve for widgets is Qs = 160,000 + 10,000 P where Qs is the quantity of widgets supplied per month (P is expressed in dollars per widget) a) What do you understand about a market structure being perfectly competitive? b) What is the equilibrium price of a widget? Is this the long run equilibrium price? c) How many firms are in this industry when it is in long run equilibrium? d) If the market demand curve shifts to Qd = 360,000 - 10,000 P What is the new equilibrium price and output in the short run, for both the industry and each firm e) In the situation described in part (c), are firms making profits or losses ? (assume that the number of firms in the industry equals the number that would exist in the part (b))
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