Where does glycolysis occur? Group of answer choices In the small intestines. outside the mitochondria n the cytosol In the matrix of the mitochondria In the intermembrane space of the mitochondria Glycolysis occurs only in plant cells
Electron Transport Chain
The electron transport chain, also known as the electron transport system, is a group of proteins that transfer electrons through a membrane within mitochondria to create a gradient of protons that drives adenosine triphosphate (ATP)synthesis. The cell uses ATP as an energy source for metabolic processes and cellular functions. ETC involves series of reactions that convert redox energy from NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) + hydrogen (H)) and FADH2(flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)) oxidation into proton-motive force(PMF), which is then used to synthesize ATP through conformational changes in the ATP synthase complex, a process known as oxidative phosphorylation.
Metabolism
Picture a campfire. It keeps the body warm on a cold night and provides light. To ensure that the fire keeps burning, fuel needs to be added(pieces of wood in this case). When a small piece is added, the fire burns bright for a bit and then dies down unless more wood is added. But, if too many pieces are placed at a time, the fire escalates and burns for a longer time, without actually burning away all the pieces that have been added. Many of them, especially the larger chunks or damp pieces, remain unburnt.
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is the cellular process involved in the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules from the organic nutritional source obtained from the diet. It is a universal process observed in all types of life forms. The glucose (chemical formula C6H12O6) molecules are the preferred raw material for cell respiration as it possesses a simple structure and is highly efficient in nature.
Where does glycolysis occur?
What molecule does NAD+ become during glycolysis?
Does NAD+ gain or lose electrons?
Does NAD+ gain or lose energy?
What 3 carbon (3C) molecule is produced at the end glycolysis? ["", "", "", "", ""]
The 3C molecule still has a lot of energy available. Where, specifically, is this energy located in this 3-carbon molecule? ["", "", "", ""]
What TWO products of glycolysis enter into the mitochondria?
What 1 carbon waste product of
How many total carbons from the original glucose molecule enter the citric acid cycle? (Recall that TWO pyruvic acid, and thus two acetyl CoA, are formed from each glucose...) ["", "", "", ""]
How many carbons exit out of the citric acid cycle during each round, as a waste product? ["", "", "", ""]
Where did the carbons in this waste product originally come from (in other words, trace the waste molecules back to the start of this whole crazy process...)? ["", "", "", "", ""]
The role of NAD+ in the citric acid cycle is the same as it was in glycolysis; namely, to “harvest” or “extract” the energy from glucose. What additional molecule helps with this process in the citric acid cycle?
What, specifically, is being harvested by NAD+ and this other molecule?
The video states that even though little ATP has been produced in cellular respiration up to this point (4 total between glycolysis and the citric acid cycle), there is still more energy available. At the end of the citric acid cycle, what contains most of the energy “harvested” from - taken out of - glucose ?
Where, specifically, is the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) located?
What does a molecule of NADH or FADH2 (the "electron taxis" of cellular respiration) do when it reaches the electron transport chain (ETC)?
What happens, physically, to the electrons in the electron transport chain?
What happens, in terms of energy, as electrons move through the electron transport chain?
The ETC is made up of a series of protein complexes. Is the FIRST or the LAST of the protein complexes in the ETC more electronegative (remember that more electronegative means more attraction for electrons)?
What is the role of oxygen in the ETC (use the textbook for this answer)?
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