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When we first learn to write electron configurations for atoms, we use the Pauli Exclusion Principle (PEP) and Hund's Rules to ensure that what we write is consistent with what we observe in nature, the Periodic Table. Consider carbon and oxygen and write the correct ground state electron configurations for both; having done so, reflect on how you intuitively used the PEP and Hund's Rules. Now think about the formal statement of the PEP written as Postulate 6 of Quantum Mechanics. All electronic wave functions must be antisymmetric under the interchange of any two electrons. Now we come to it; determine the most stable atomic term symbol for both elements and explain how Hund's Rules (see below) are manifested in the singular rule that you used to write the correct ground state electron configurations. Hund's Rules 1. The state with the largest value of S is the most stable, and stability decreases with decreasing S. 2. For states with the same value of S, the state with the largest value of L is the most stable. 3. If the states have the same values of L and S, then, for a subshell that is less than half-filled, the state with the smallest value of J is the most stable; for a subshell that is more than half-filled, the state with the largest value of J is most stable.

When we first learn to write electron configurations for atoms, we use the Pauli Exclusion Principle (PEP) and Hund's Rules to ensure that what we write is consistent with what we observe in nature, the Periodic Table. Consider carbon and oxygen and write the correct ground state electron configurations for both; having done so, reflect on how you intuitively used the PEP and Hund's Rules. Now think about the formal statement of the PEP written as Postulate 6 of Quantum Mechanics. All electronic wave functions must be antisymmetric under the interchange of any two electrons. Now we come to it; determine the most stable atomic term symbol for both elements and explain how Hund's Rules (see below) are manifested in the singular rule that you used to write the correct ground state electron configurations. Hund's Rules 1. The state with the largest value of S is the most stable, and stability decreases with decreasing S. 2. For states with the same value of S, the state with the largest value of L is the most stable. 3. If the states have the same values of L and S, then, for a subshell that is less than half-filled, the state with the smallest value of J is the most stable; for a subshell that is more than half-filled, the state with the largest value of J is most stable.

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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When we first learn to write electron configurations for atoms, we use the Pauli Exclusion Principle (PEP) and Hund's Rules to ensure that what we write is consistent with what we observe in nature, the Periodic Table. Consider carbon and oxygen and write the correct ground state electron configurations for both; having done so, reflect on how you intuitively used the PEP and Hund's Rules. Now think about the formal statement of the PEP written as Postulate 6 of Quantum Mechanics. All electronic wave functions must be antisymmetric under the interchange of any two electrons. Now we come to it; determine the most stable atomic term symbol for both elements and explain Hund's Rules (see below) are manifested in the singular that you used to write the correct ground state electron configurations. Hund's Rules 1. The state with the largest value of S is the most stable, and stability decreases with decreasing S. 2. For states with the same value of S, the state with the largest value of L is the most stable. 3. If the states have the same values of L and S, then, for a subshell that is less than half-filled, the state with the smallest value of J is the most stable; for a subshell that is more than half-filled, the state with the largest value of J is most stable.
Transcribed Image Text:When we first learn to write electron configurations for atoms, we use the Pauli Exclusion Principle (PEP) and Hund's Rules to ensure that what we write is consistent with what we observe in nature, the Periodic Table. Consider carbon and oxygen and write the correct ground state electron configurations for both; having done so, reflect on how you intuitively used the PEP and Hund's Rules. Now think about the formal statement of the PEP written as Postulate 6 of Quantum Mechanics. All electronic wave functions must be antisymmetric under the interchange of any two electrons. Now we come to it; determine the most stable atomic term symbol for both elements and explain Hund's Rules (see below) are manifested in the singular that you used to write the correct ground state electron configurations. Hund's Rules 1. The state with the largest value of S is the most stable, and stability decreases with decreasing S. 2. For states with the same value of S, the state with the largest value of L is the most stable. 3. If the states have the same values of L and S, then, for a subshell that is less than half-filled, the state with the smallest value of J is the most stable; for a subshell that is more than half-filled, the state with the largest value of J is most stable.
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