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- The following graphs show the production possibilities frontiers (PPFS) for Shenandoah and Denali. Both countries produce almonds and basil, each initially (i.e., before specialization and trade) producing 18 million pounds of almonds and 9 million pounds of basil, as indicated by the grey stars marked with the letter A. BASIL (Millions of pounds) 48 42 36 30 24 18 PPF ୯ 12 6 Cả 0 0 I I 6 Shenandoah 18,9 12 18 24 30 36 ALMONDS (Millions of pounds) 42 48 BASIL (Millions of pounds) 48 42 36 30 24 18 12 6 0 0 PPF 6 Denali 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 ALMONDS (Millions of pounds) ? Shenandoah has a comparative advantage in the production of , while Denali has a comparative advantage in the production of . Suppose that Shenandoah and Denali specialize in the production of the goods in which each has a comparative advantage. After specialization, the two countries can produce a total of million pounds of basil. million pounds of almonds andThe following hypothetical production possibilities tables are for China and the United States. Assume that before specialization and trade the optimal product mix for China is alternative D and for the United States is alternative S. Product Apparel Chemicals (tons) Product Apparel Chemicals (tons) (Click to select) ✓ China Production Possibilities A 10,000 0 units B 8,000 4 6,000 8 U.S. Production Possibilities R S 30,000 24,000 0 6 T 18,000 12 ton(s) D 4,000 12 U 12,0000 18 E 2,000 16 V 6,000 24 Instructions: Enter your answers as whole numbers. a. Are comparative-cost conditions such that the two countries should specialize? F 0 20 W 0 30 If so, what product should each produce? China should produce (Click to select) The United States should produce (Click to select) ✓ b. What is the total gain in apparel and chemical output that would result from such specialization? Apparel: Chemicals:According to the Infant Industry Argument Poor countries can foster economic development by using tariffs to protect new firms while they learn to become more productive. O Countries that allow children to work have an unfair advantage in international trade. O Costs of young firms are low because their workers lack seniority, and this contributes to comparative advantage. O When technological change creates a new product, it is the innovating country that is likely to be able to export it.
- Suppose our two PPFs for are: Germany Cars 20 8 1 1 6 Food O both countries 10 O Korea O neither country O Germany Cars 10 6 Korea B Food Which country has the comparative advantage in Cars? 10The graph below shows the market for tres in the United States, a nation that is open to international trade but is assumed to be s poce taker unable to affect the world price of tires Market for Tires Price dolars per es 320 200 240 200 140 120 NO 40 Qu 400 120 160 200 240 280 320 Quantity (one of ses) a Using the graph above, at the wond price of $80 per tre, how many tires will the United States import mkon pres Now suppose the US government imposes a quota as shown as the graph above 4 b Uung this same graph, indicate the new markert equabinum with the quota iniposed and the domestic quantity suppited (0₂)Suppose the U.S. imposes a trade embargo onNorth Korea in order to exert political pressureon the government. Consider how the embargowill affect U.S. producers. Under what conditionswould they support the embargo? Why mightthey oppose it?
- What happens to the price of domestically scarce factors of production when acountry opens up to trade? What happens to the price of domestically abundantfactors of production?Which of the following is proof that international trade is beneficial? O the fact that different regions in the United States specialize in different products O the international trade in exotic products O the sheer volume of trade between very different nationsswer text provided. O the concept of absolute advantageAccording to David Ricardo, O A. If countries specialize where they have an absolute advantage and trade, their efficiency and standard of living can improve O B. Countries should strive to develop their absolute advantage to benefit from trade with other countries O C. If countries specialize where they have a comparative advantage and trade, all groups in their economies will benefit equaly OD. If countries specialize where they have a comparative advantage and trade, their efficiency and standard of living can improve
- 9. How does the fact that many goods are nontraded affect the extent of possible gainsfrom trade?Suppose that Poland and Wales both produce ale and glass. Poland's opportunity cost of producing a pane of glass is 4 kegs of ale while Wales's opportunity cost of producing a pane of glass is 12 kegs of ale. By comparing the opportunity cost of producing glass in the two countries, you can tell thatWales has a comparative advantage in the production of glass andPoland has a comparative advantage in the production of ale. Suppose that Poland and Wales consider trading glass and ale with each other. Poland can gain from specialization and trade as long as it receives more than of ale for each pane of glass it exports to Wales. Similarly, Wales can gain from trade as long as it receives more than of glass for each keg of ale it exports to Poland. Based on your answer to the last question, which of the following prices of trade (that is, price of glass in terms of ale) would allow both Wales and Poland to gain from trade? Check all that apply. 8 kegs of…3. Gains from trade Consider two neighboring island countries called Bellissima and Dolorium. They each have 4 million labor hours available per week that they can use to produce rye, jeans, or a combination of both. The following table shows the amount of rye or jeans that can be produced using 1 hour of labor. Country Rye Jeans (Bushels per hour of labor) (Pairs per hour of labor) Bellissima 8 16 Dolorium 5 20 Initially, suppose Bellissima uses 1 million hours of labor per week to produce rye and 3 million hours per week to produce jeans, while Dolorium uses 3 million hours of labor per week to produce rye and 1 million hours per week to produce jeans. Consequently, Bellissima produces 8 million bushels of rye and 48 million pairs of jeans, and Dolorium produces 15 million bushels of rye and 20 million pairs of jeans. Assume there are no other countries willing to trade goods, so, in the absence of trade between these two countries, each country…