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When a thermodynamic system does work on the environment and no Q is added to the system, its temperature increases. decreases. remains unchanged. A

When a thermodynamic system does work on the environment and no Q is added to the system, its temperature increases. decreases. remains unchanged. A

College Physics
College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...
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--- ### Understanding Thermodynamics #### Question: When a thermodynamic system does work on the environment and no heat (Q) is added to the system, its temperature: 1. increases. 2. decreases. 3. remains unchanged. --- In this question, we examine the behavior of a thermodynamic system when it performs work on its surroundings without gaining heat from an external source. ### Explanation: - **Thermodynamic Work**: - In thermodynamics, when a system does work on the environment, it expends some of its internal energy to perform that work. - **Heat (Q)**: - Heat is energy transferred between systems or surroundings due to a temperature difference. - **First Law of Thermodynamics**: - It states that the change in internal energy of a closed system is equal to the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system on its surroundings. Formally, ΔU = Q - W - ΔU: Change in internal energy - Q: Heat added to the system - W: Work done by the system Given that no heat (Q) is added (Q = 0), the equation simplifies to: ΔU = - W This indicates that the internal energy decreases by the amount of work done by the system. **Result**: A decrease in internal energy typically means a decrease in temperature for most systems, as temperature is a measure of the internal energy of the system. Thus, the correct answer is: - **Decreases** --- This concise explanation covers the key thermodynamic principles needed to understand the behavior of the system in question.
Transcribed Image Text:--- ### Understanding Thermodynamics #### Question: When a thermodynamic system does work on the environment and no heat (Q) is added to the system, its temperature: 1. increases. 2. decreases. 3. remains unchanged. --- In this question, we examine the behavior of a thermodynamic system when it performs work on its surroundings without gaining heat from an external source. ### Explanation: - **Thermodynamic Work**: - In thermodynamics, when a system does work on the environment, it expends some of its internal energy to perform that work. - **Heat (Q)**: - Heat is energy transferred between systems or surroundings due to a temperature difference. - **First Law of Thermodynamics**: - It states that the change in internal energy of a closed system is equal to the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system on its surroundings. Formally, ΔU = Q - W - ΔU: Change in internal energy - Q: Heat added to the system - W: Work done by the system Given that no heat (Q) is added (Q = 0), the equation simplifies to: ΔU = - W This indicates that the internal energy decreases by the amount of work done by the system. **Result**: A decrease in internal energy typically means a decrease in temperature for most systems, as temperature is a measure of the internal energy of the system. Thus, the correct answer is: - **Decreases** --- This concise explanation covers the key thermodynamic principles needed to understand the behavior of the system in question.
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