When a foreign DNA is introduced into an organism,how is it maintained In the host.

Q: why a pathogen COULD need to turn off certain genes when infecting a host?

A: Pathogens (specially bacterial pathogens) are equipped with some specific virulence genes located…

Q: Define transfection.

A: A mutation is a change or alteration in the nucleotide sequence of the genome of any organism.…

Q: How do plasmids cause antibiotic resistance?

A: The plasmids are used to deliver DNA contain genes for antibiotic resistance.

Q: What properties does an R plasmid confer on its host cell?

A: Plasmids are self replicating, extra chromosomal material present in the cytoplasm of bacteria. They…

Q: Why is it that the line of treatment for a genetic disease is different from infectious diseases?

A: A disease is a disorder that causes changes in physiological functions and result in specific sign…

Q: What type of nucleic acid does this virus have?

A: Type I BIRD-FLU virus partial sequence: 5' CAUGAUAUUGUACUUU 3' Type II BIRD-FLU virus partial…

Q: Which of the following is a way in which plasmids may be introduced into host organisms?

A: Plasmids or transposons are considered replicons, units of DNA capable of replicating autonomously…

Q: What is a latent animal virus?

A: VIRUS: A microorganism that is smaller than a bacterium that cannot grow or reproduce apart from a…

Q: What is unique about Z-DNA that might make it a specific target during viral infection?

A: Z-DNA is a type of double-helical structure of DNA. It shows a left-handed double helical structure…

Q: replicate,

A: The substance which controls the inheritance of characters or traits from one generation to the…

Q: Why is it necessary for some ssDNA viruses to manufacture a replicative form?

A: A gene is the fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are comprised of DNA…

Q: Why can viruses not replicate independently of living cells?

A: Introduction  Central Dogma: it is the key mechanism by which DNA can be transcribed into mRNA by…

Q: How do you kill a virus artificially?

A: Virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that needs a living host for their replication. It causes…

Q: What is the genetic material of a virus?

A: The genetic material is the term given to the most important and fundamental material of the cell or…

Q: How does a virus reproduce?

A: Viruses are microscopic obligate parasites that lack a cell or cell membrane.

Q: _refers to copies of plasmid inside host cells.

A: Cloning is the process or the technique, scientists use for creating a genetically identical clone…

Q: List a method a virus can use to prime DNA а replication and give an example of a virus that uses…

A: Introduction:  Viral replication means formation of viruses into the host cells during infection.…

Q: OTE: explain in a paragraph form How does PCR help in the identification of the virus from…

A: Polymerase chain reaction is a molecular biology technique for making a large number of copies of a…

Q: How can a protein, which cannot replicate itself, be a transmissible pathogen?

A: A pathogen is an organic entity that causes infection. Your body is normally brimming with…

Q: Describe the infective process of a bacteriophage as it attacks a cell.

A: The virus that infects bacteria is known as Bacteriophage. These bacteriophages infects host cell in…

Q: How does a virus infect a cell?

A: Viruses are obligate, intracellular parasites. A virus must first recognize and attach to a specific…

Q: How do you know if a plasmid is taken up by a bacterial cell?

A: In microbiology the term plasmid is used for the tiny extra-chromosomal DNA found in some archaea,…

Q: How many plasmids are in bacteria?

A: Bacteria are microscopic single-celled prokaryotes that thrive in diverse environmental conditions.…

Q: What are Bacterial Plasmid Vectors ?

A:

Q: Bacteriophages can recognize the host cell by:

A: Hello. Since your question has multiple parts, we will solve first question for you. If you want…

Q: How is recombinant DNA transferred to host?

A: DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…

Q: Why is there an inverse relationship between the dilution factor and the amount of virus in…

A: The dilution factor is the calculation of how much a new solution is less concentrated than the…

Q: Does the removal of plasmid make a strain improved in nature? Why?

A: Plasmids naturally exist in bacterial cells and even a few eukaryotes, they carry genes of utmost…

Q: Influenza is what type of virus?

A: Influenza is unremarkably referred to as flu(a communicable disease)  caused by influenza viruses. 4…

Q: How is foreign DNA inserted into host cells?

A: Several techniques of recombinant DNA technology include the insertion of a foreign DNA into a host…

Q: Could bacteriophages be used to combat bacterial diseases?

A: Bacteriophages cause bacteria to rupture or lyse, resulting in their death.

Q: what is Host DNA?

A: The DNA is the genetic material that is passed from one generation to the next generation. It is…

Q: Escherichia coli DNA sequence that cc

A:

Q: What is a plasmid?

A: Prokaryotes are the less advanced organism as compared to the eukaryotes. They don't have well…

Q: Why do bacterial viruses often inject their DNA directly into the cell?

A: The bacterial viruses are virus that infects the animal, plant, and unicellular organisms.

Q: what makes a prion so strong that it becomes difficult to destroy it even under high temperature?

A: Prion are mis-folded proteins, that make virus-like microorganisms called Prions. These proteins…

Q: A direct transfer of DNA from a bacterium to another is an example of:

A: Transduction is the genetic transfer through the help of bacteriophage between the bacterial…

Q: What is a plasmid and how does it contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistance?

A: Plasmids are naturally occurring circular, extrachromosomal, autonomously replicating DNA,…

Q: What kind of viruses are influenza A

A: Virus: It is an infectious agent. The virus is made up of a nucleic acid molecule that is coated by…

Q: What is a plasmid and what is its function?

A: Prokaryotes are the single celled organisms (unicellular) and are the simplest form, which do not…

Q: Do the plasmids integrate into the host genome when the AAV is introduced into the patient? Explain.

A: AAV (Adeno-associated viruses) are virus that are usually very small in size and that infect primate…

Q: Can a bacteriophage infect a human?

A: The micro-organism is the organism that is too small to be seen with the naked eye. It is viewed by…

Q: In which bacteriophage life cycle does the phage DNA become incorporated into the bacterial…

A: The viruses that infect bacteria are known as bacteriophages and they played a central role in…

Q: Differentiate a segmented genome from the genome of a retrovirus

A: Viruses are particles composed of capsid and genome.

Q: How would you select the host cell that has incorporated the plasmid with the foreign DNA…

A: Vector can be defined as DNA molecules which carries foreign DNA into the host,for the expression…

Q: How are we to know which of the bacteria have taken up the plasmid?

A: The process by which the bacterial host takes up the plasmid is referred to as transformation. The…

Genetic Recombination

Recombination is crucial to this process because it allows genes to be reassorted into diverse combinations. Genetic recombination is the process of combining genetic components from two different origins into a single unit. In prokaryotes, genetic recombination takes place by the unilateral transfer of deoxyribonucleic acid. It includes transduction, transformation, and conjugation. The genetic exchange occurring between homologous deoxyribonucleic acid sequences (DNA) from two different sources is termed general recombination. For this to happen, an identical sequence of the two recombining molecules is required. The process of genetic exchange which occurs in eukaryotes during sexual reproduction such as meiosis is an example of this type of genetic recombination.

Microbial Genetics

Genes are the functional units of heredity. They transfer characteristic information from parents to the offspring.