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What will be the value of the variable num at the end of this program? Winclude using nanespace std; int functionA(int a) { 1f (a « 3) { functionB(a); } else { return a - 13; int function(int b) { return b - 3; int main() { int num- 4; num - functionB(functionA(num)); return e; Choose the correct value of num: num --2 num -1 num -0 num - 3 num - 4

What will be the value of the variable num at the end of this program? Winclude using nanespace std; int functionA(int a) { 1f (a « 3) { functionB(a); } else { return a - 13; int function(int b) { return b - 3; int main() { int num- 4; num - functionB(functionA(num)); return e; Choose the correct value of num: num --2 num -1 num -0 num - 3 num - 4

Database System Concepts
Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN:9780078022159
Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
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### Code Analysis: Value of the Variable `num` This snippet of C++ code aims to determine the value of the variable `num` at the end of the program. #### Code Explanation: ```cpp #include <iostream> using namespace std; int functionA(int a) { if (a < 3) { functionB(a); } else { return a - 1; } } int functionB(int b) { return b - 3; } int main() { int num = 4; num = functionB(functionA(num)); return 0; } ``` #### Step-by-Step Execution: 1. **Initialization:** - The program starts by initializing `int num = 4;`. 2. **Function `functionA`:** - The `functionA` is called with `num` as an argument (`functionA(4)`). - It checks if `a < 3`. Since 4 is not less than 3, the else condition executes. - The return value will be `4 - 1`, which is `3`. 3. **Function `functionB`:** - `functionB` is then called with the result from `functionA`, which is `3`. - It returns `b - 3`, thus `3 - 3` equals `0`. 4. **Final Assignment:** - The value returned from `functionB` is assigned back to `num`. - Hence, `num` becomes `0`. #### Conclusion: - By analyzing the flow and return values of each function, the final value of `num` is determined to be `0`. #### Answer Options: - num = -2 - num = 1 - num = 0 (Correct Answer) - num = 3 - num = 4
Transcribed Image Text:### Code Analysis: Value of the Variable `num` This snippet of C++ code aims to determine the value of the variable `num` at the end of the program. #### Code Explanation: ```cpp #include <iostream> using namespace std; int functionA(int a) { if (a < 3) { functionB(a); } else { return a - 1; } } int functionB(int b) { return b - 3; } int main() { int num = 4; num = functionB(functionA(num)); return 0; } ``` #### Step-by-Step Execution: 1. **Initialization:** - The program starts by initializing `int num = 4;`. 2. **Function `functionA`:** - The `functionA` is called with `num` as an argument (`functionA(4)`). - It checks if `a < 3`. Since 4 is not less than 3, the else condition executes. - The return value will be `4 - 1`, which is `3`. 3. **Function `functionB`:** - `functionB` is then called with the result from `functionA`, which is `3`. - It returns `b - 3`, thus `3 - 3` equals `0`. 4. **Final Assignment:** - The value returned from `functionB` is assigned back to `num`. - Hence, `num` becomes `0`. #### Conclusion: - By analyzing the flow and return values of each function, the final value of `num` is determined to be `0`. #### Answer Options: - num = -2 - num = 1 - num = 0 (Correct Answer) - num = 3 - num = 4
### Understanding Function Definitions in Programming In the context of writing a function in programming, it is important to identify the main components involved in defining a function. Consider the following template of a function definition: ```plaintext /* * Function docstring */ {A} functionName({B}) { {C} } ``` **Components Explained:** - **{A}**: Refers to the return type of the function. This specifies what kind of value the function will return after execution. - **{B}**: Represents the parameters of the function. Parameters are inputs that the function accepts in order to perform operations and produce a return value. - **{C}**: Denotes the function body. This is the block of code that defines what the function does with the given parameters to ultimately produce a result. ### Multiple Choice Question Identify the parts of the function definition by choosing the correct option: - ○ A = parameters, B = return type, C = function body - ○ A = return type, B = parameters, C = function body - ○ A = function body, B = parameters, C = return type - ○ A = parameters, B = function body, C = return type **Correct Option:** - ○ **A = return type, B = parameters, C = function body** This understanding is crucial for writing clear and efficient code, allowing the function to perform its task correctly with expected input and output behavior.
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding Function Definitions in Programming In the context of writing a function in programming, it is important to identify the main components involved in defining a function. Consider the following template of a function definition: ```plaintext /* * Function docstring */ {A} functionName({B}) { {C} } ``` **Components Explained:** - **{A}**: Refers to the return type of the function. This specifies what kind of value the function will return after execution. - **{B}**: Represents the parameters of the function. Parameters are inputs that the function accepts in order to perform operations and produce a return value. - **{C}**: Denotes the function body. This is the block of code that defines what the function does with the given parameters to ultimately produce a result. ### Multiple Choice Question Identify the parts of the function definition by choosing the correct option: - ○ A = parameters, B = return type, C = function body - ○ A = return type, B = parameters, C = function body - ○ A = function body, B = parameters, C = return type - ○ A = parameters, B = function body, C = return type **Correct Option:** - ○ **A = return type, B = parameters, C = function body** This understanding is crucial for writing clear and efficient code, allowing the function to perform its task correctly with expected input and output behavior.
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